592 . A. D. 1381. 



manufadures, now become pretty extenfive, which never ceafed to 

 operate, till manufadures finally banilhed flavery from the land, and 

 liberty became the inherent birthright of every Britifh fubjedl. [Knyg/j- 

 ton, col. 2633. — JVal/ingbam, p. 247. — Fcedera, V. Vn, pp. 316, 317, 371.] 



November — The parliament, after premifing, that, in confequence of 

 the grievous mifchief of carrying abroad money and bullion, there was 

 fcarcely any gold or filver left in the kingdom, ftridly prohibited all 

 merchants and clergymen, aliens or natives, from carrying abroad any 

 gold or filver in coin, bullion, or vefl^el, or by exchange. But money 

 for paying the king's garrifons on the continent might be exported. 

 Prelates, great lords, and fome others, having occafion to make pay- 

 ments beyond the fea, might remit money by exchange on obtaining 

 the king's fpecial licence for the exprefs fum. But the negotiators of 

 the exchange were to be fworn, that they would fend no gold nor filver 

 out of the country for the purpofe of anfwering their bills. No perfon, 

 either of the clergy or laity, except lords and other great men, real 

 known merchants, and the king's foldiers, was to be allowed to go out 

 of the kingdom * : and to render the prohibition the more effedual, 

 London and fome other principal ports were declared the only places, 

 whence any perfon could pals over to the continent. The infringers 

 of this law were to be punifhed by heavy forfeitures. [^Stat. i , 5 Ric. II, 

 c. 2.] 



In order to augment the navy of England, which was now faid to be 

 greatly reduced, it was enaded, that no fubjed of the king fhould fhip 

 any merchandize, outward or homeward, except in fhips of the king's 

 allegiance, after the next Eafter, on penalty of forfeiture of veflel and 

 cargo. \^Stat. i, 5 Ric. II, c. 3.] This was the firll Navigation acl pafl^ed 

 by the parliament of England. 



If any EngUfhman pafled over the fea to import wines, he was pro- 

 hibited from felling them in England at above £$ per tun for the befl: 

 wine of Gafcoigne, Ofey, or Spain, and £^ for the bell Rochelle wine, 

 or above 6d per gallon for any of them in retail. Rhenifh wine, being 

 imported in calks of various fizes, was to be fold by the gallon only, 

 and not above 6d, whether in wholefale or retail. Inferior wines to be 

 fold in proportion. The king ftridly commanded, that no fweet wine . 

 or claret (' clarree') fliould be retailed in the kingdom after the 2^'" of 

 June 1382 ■\. [Stat, i, 5 Ric. II, cc. 4, 5. — Fadera, V. vii,/. 378.] 



The citizens of Cork in Ireland this year obtained from the king an 

 ample confirmation of their liberties. \Rot.pat.Jec. 5 Ric. II, m. 32.] 



1382, January — The parliament granted liberty to all foreign merch- 



* This prohibition was in direft oppofition to f By Stat, i, 6 Ric. II, c. 7 they were per- 

 the 42J article of the JMagiia charts, which ufed mittcd to be retailed at the price of Gafcoigne and 

 to be formally ratified, without paying any other Riienifli wines, 

 attention to it, at the beginning of every fcfTion 

 of parliament. 



