in] OLD-WORLD MIMICS 25 



shews a similar difference in the two sexes (PL II, figs. 

 6 and 7). 



It is remarkable that similar sexual difference is 

 also shewn by the rare Papilio paradoxus, the two 

 sexes here again mimicking respectively the two sexes 

 of Euploea mulciber. 



Many of the Euploeines, more especially those from 

 Southern India and Ceylon, lack the blue suffusion, and 

 are sombre brown insects somewhat relieved by lighter 

 markings along the hinder border of the hind wings. 

 Euploea core (PI. I, fig. 10), a very common insect, is 

 typical of this group. A similar coloration is found 

 in one of the forms of Papilio clytia (PI. I, fig. 8) 

 from the same region as well as in the female of the 

 Nymphaline species Hypolimnas bolina (PI. I, fig. 6). 

 The male of this last species (PL I, fig. 5) is quite 

 unlike its female, but is not unlike the male of the 

 allied species, H. misippus, which it resembles in the 

 very dark wings each with a white patch in the centre, 

 the junction of light and dark being in each case 

 marked by a beautiful purple-blue suffusion. There 

 is also a species of Elymnias (E. singhala) in this part of 

 the world which in general colour scheme is not widely 

 dissimilar from these brown Euploeas (PL I, fig. 9). 



The third main group of models characteristic of 

 this region belongs to the Papilionidae. It was pointed 

 out by Haase some 20 years ago that this great family 

 falls into three definite sections,, separable on anatom- 

 ical grounds (see Appendix II). One of these sections 

 he termed the Pharmacophagus or "poison-eating" 



