OF WILD ANIMALS 303 



How Dangerous Animals Attack Men. The following 

 may be listed as the wild animals most dangerous to man : 



1. In the open: Alaskan brown bears, the grizzly bears, 

 lion, tiger, elephant, leopard, wolf, African buffalo, Indian 

 gaur and buffalo, and gorilla. 



All these species are dangerous to the man who meddles 

 with them, either to kill or to capture them. If they are not 

 molested by man, there is very little to fear from any of them 

 save the man-eating lions and tigers, the northern wolf packs, 

 Alaskan brown bears and rogue elephants. 



2. In captivity, or in process of capture: Under this 

 head a special list may be thus composed: 



Male elk and deer in the rutting season; male elephants 

 over fifteen years of age; all bears over one year of age, and 

 especially "pet " bears; all gorillas, chimpanzees and orangs over 

 seven years of age (puberty) ; all adult male baboons, gibbons, 

 rhesus monkeys, callithrix or green monkeys, Japanese red- 

 faced monkeys and large macaques; many adult bison bulls and 

 cows of individually bad temper; also gaur, Old World buffalo, 

 anoa bulls, many individually bad African antelopes, gnus and 

 hartebeests; all lions, tigers, jaguars, leopards, wolves, hyenas, 

 and all male zebras and wild asses over four years of age. 



How they attack. The lion, tiger and bear launches at a 

 man's head or face a lightning-quick and powerful fore-paw 

 blow that in one stroke tears the skin and flesh in long gashes, 

 and knocks down the victim with stunning force. Before 

 recovery is possible the assailant rushes to the prostrate man 

 and begins to bite or to tear him. Instinctively the fallen man 

 covers his face with his arms, and with the lion, tiger and 

 leopard, the arms come in for fearful punishment. It is the way 

 of carnivorous beasts to attack each other head to head and 

 mouth to mouth, and this same instinct leads these animals to 

 focus their initial attacks upon the heads and faces of their 

 human quarry. 



After a man-eating lion or tiger has reduced the human 



