24 PINE FAMILY 



Cultivated : native to the forests of the Rocky Mountains and the 

 Pacific Coast region from British Columbia south to Texas, Mexico, and 

 central California. ' Only the trees from the Rocky Mountain region are 

 hardy in Minnesota where the Douglas Fir is often planted as an orna- 

 mental tree. It is very hardy but has a tendency to grow thin in foliage. 

 It has proved a successful plant for evergreen hedges, stands clipping 

 well, and will endure dry weather better than most conifers. 



In its natural habitat, particularly in the vicinity of the Pacific Coast, 

 this is one of the finest of North American trees, reaching a height of 

 over two hundred feet, and a trunk diameter of fifteen feet. It is the 

 most valuable timber tree of British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon ; 

 word light brown, ccarse grained, very strong, weight 32 lb. 



Tsuga C a r r i e r e 1855 Hemlock 

 (T s tt g a — Japanese name for hemlock.) 



Evergreen trees, trunk straight reaching to the top of the tree, 

 branches irregular, spreading or often drooping, twigs slender; leaves 

 linear, flat and blunt, short petioled, scattered and borne in many rows 

 but usually twisted into an apparently two-ranked arrangement, remain- 

 ing on the twigs for two or three years but rapidly falling if the twig is 

 dried, when they fall leaving the twigs roughened by woody raised pro- 

 jections on top of which are the leaf scars; buds scaly, not resinous; 

 flowers in spring monoecious, the staminate in the axils of last year's 

 leaves, very small, with a bare stalk and an almost globular bunch of 

 stamens, stamens with a spur- or knob-like tip, pollen sacs opening trans- 

 versely, pollen grains not winged; pistillate cones terminal, drooping, 

 with inconspicuous bracts, cones ripening the first autumn, opening at 

 maturity and discharging the seeds after which the whole cone falls from 

 the trees ; seeds winged, slightly resinous. 



Trees of North America and eastern Asia; 7 species; one other 

 occurs in eastern United States, and two in northwestern North Ameri 

 ( )ne of the latter departs in several respects from the usual characters of 

 the genus. 



Tsuga canadensis (I.imve) Car ri ere 1855 Hemlock 



A tall tree over 15m. (50 ft.) in height; trunk straight, upright, 

 tending to the summit, branches spreading, nearly horizontal, the leading 

 shoot in young trees usually more or less pendulous; twigs slender, 



