34 PINE FAMILY 



Wood reddish brown, soft, easily split. Much used in Europe for 

 building construction, taking the same position there that white pine does 

 in our northeastern states. 



Pinus montana Miller 1768 Mountain Pine, Mugho Pine 

 P. Mughus Scopoli 1772 



Shrub or small tree, seldom over 3 or 4 m. (10-13 ft.) high, branches 

 flexible, twigs short, bark brown, roughened with small conical projec- 

 tions; leaves in clusters of two, 4-7 cm. long, pointed, thick, dark green 

 with a basal sheath, 5-6 mm. long, dark brown, papery and with torn 

 edges; cones small, 3-4 cm. long, in groups of two or three, horizontal or 

 oblique, subsessile, persistent, cone-scales rounded at the top, furnished 

 with a rhomboid boss which bears at its depressed center a large sharp - 

 pointed spine : montana, of the mountains. 



Cultivated, native of the mountains of central and western Europe. 

 A hardy, ornamental evergreen shrub used for covering rocky slopes, or 

 combining with other and larger conifers. Several unimportant varieties 

 are distinguished by the shape of the cones. 



Pinus Laricio var. austriaca E n d 1 i c h e r 1847 Austrian Pine 



Tree up to 25 m. (80 ft.) with a somewhat irregular trunk and long 

 horizontal branches, in whorls, giving the young tree a thick conical 

 form, and the adult a broad rounded head ; bark grayish brown ; leaves 

 in clusters of two, 10-15 cm. long, stiff, dark green, with a basal sheath 

 12 mm. long, gray, wrinkled; cones small, sessile, reddish, about 5 cm. 

 long, projecting at right angles to the branches, solitary or in groups of 

 2 or 3, falling after they open, cone-scales thickened and with a rounded 

 boss at the end, often with a dull spine arising from the center of the 

 boss: laricio, from larix, larch. 



Cultivated. Pinus Laricio is a native of southern Europe and Asia 

 Minor, only the northern variety, native of Austria, is hardy here. It 

 is much planted as an ornamental tree, and is successful west and south 

 of the natural range of our native pines. 



Wood soft, resinous, durable. 



Pinus Laricio with its varieties is the most valuable forest tree of 

 southern Europe. It is used both for lumber and for the production of 

 turpentine. 



