36 



PINE FAMILY 



shoots about 3 mm. long, scale-like ; flowers in spring, cones ripening the 

 same autumn, usually with two pairs of fertile scales; seeds with winged 

 margins, two on each fertile scale : occidentalis, western. 



Growing usually in swampy ground where it often forms very dense 

 pure stands, occasionally in dryer stony ground or on bare rocks: Nova 

 Scotia to Lake Winnipeg, south to Minnesota and the south end of Lake 

 Michigan, New England and in the mountains of Virginia. In Min- 

 nesota abundant in the northern and northeastern portions in the belt 

 of coniferous forests. Often cultivated as an ornamental tree or shrub 

 and much used for hedges as it bears clipping well. In the southern 

 part of the state it often "winter kills" badly from lack of moisture 

 following a dry fall. 



_f)abir?a 



Cupressineae : Juniperus communis, Sabina virginiana, fruiting twig, 

 and twig from young tree, Thuja occidentalis. 



