44 GINKGO FAMILY—MAGNOLIA FAMILY 



each surrounded at its base with a collar-like growth; seeds drupe-like, 

 the integuments consisting of an outer fleshy coat, a firm stony coat, and 

 a thin inner papery layer. 



Ginkgo L i n n e 1771 

 (Chinese name of the tree.) 

 The only genus of the family, containing the following species: 



Ginkgo biloba Linne 1771 Maiden-hair Tree 

 Salisbtiria adiantifolia Smith 1797 



Deciduous tree reaching in old age a height of 20 m. (65- ft.) ; trunk 

 straight, extending to the top of the tree; branches long, ascending, 

 twigs not numerous, covered with many short spurs, or dwarf twigs ; 

 bark at first smooth, the epidermis separating as a shredded papery 

 layer, later roughened and seamed longitudinally, gray; leaves borne 

 scattered on the long twigs and in dense clusters on the spur shoots, 

 petioled, smooth, fan-shaped, usually two-lobed, veins forking repeatedly 

 and running free to the margin; leaves 3-5 cm. long, 4-7 cm. wide, 

 petioles 3-5 cm. long; flowers as described under the family; seeds plum- 

 like, scarlet, ill-smelling, about 2 cm. in diameter: biloba, two-lobed, 

 referring to the leaves. 



Cultivated: Native to China and Japan, widely cultivated in those 

 countries and in Europe and North America. Planted to some extent 

 in the vicinity of Minneapolis and St. Paul where it is entirely hardy. 

 A handsome tree with very ornamental foliage ; the staminate tree is 

 preferable, as the seeds of the pistillate tree have a very offensive odor. 



Angiospermae 



Seed-bearing plants with closed pistils; the ovules and seeds develop- 

 ing within a closed ovary; pollen grains received by, and germinating upon 

 a stigma ; body of the seed (endosperm) not the female gametophyte, de- 

 veloping after the fertilization of the egg, and during the development 

 of the embryo. 



Ranales Buttercup Order 

 Magnoliaceae Magnolia Family 



Trees or shrubs ; leaves alternate, entire or lobed, marked with trans- 

 parent dots; leaf buds covered with membranous stipules; bark bitter 

 and aromatic ; flowers large and solitary ; sepals and petals colored alike, 



