CHIOGENES— GAYLUSSACIA 95 



Greenland to Norway, south to New Jersey, the region of the Great 

 Lakes, Nebraska, California, central Asia, and central Europe, usually 

 in dry sandy or rocky soil, often calcareous. In Minnesota abundant in 

 the northern and northeastern parts of the state extending considerably 

 beyond the region of the coniferous forests, rare in the southeastern parts 

 of the state. Flowers in May, fruit ripe in August. 



The dried leaves are used in medicine. 



Chiogenes Salisbury 1815 

 (Gr. c h i o n snow, genes born, in allusion to the white berries) 



Creeping evergreen semi-herbaceous aromatic shrubs; leaves small, 

 thin, leathery, alternate; flowers solitary, axillary, furnished with two 

 bractlets close under the calyx, sepals 4, united, and fused with the lower 

 part of the ovary, corolla bell-shaped, composed of four united petals, 

 stamens 8, included in the corolla, anthers not awned, opening by short 

 slits, pistil of four united carpels, ovary partly inferior, 4-celled, style 

 straight, short, stigma terminal; fruit a fleshy berry, the ovary becoming 

 entirely inferior ; seeds numerous, small. 



One or two species of North America and Japan. 



Chiogenes hispidula (Linne) Torrey & Gray 1843 Creeping 



Snowberry 



Stems and lower sides and margins of leaves brown, strigose; leaves 

 elliptical, finely rugose above, leaf margin revolute, tip obtuse with a 

 short projecting point, base wedge-shaped, leaves 5-9 mm. long, 4-7 mm. 

 wide, petioles 1 mm. long; flowers about 4 mm. long; berry white, about 

 8 mm. in diameter : hispidula, somewhat bristly. 



In cold wet woods, bogs, tamarack swamps, etc. Labrador to British 

 Columbia, south to North Carolina, Michigan and Minnesota. In Minne- 

 sota common in wet coniferous forests of the northern and northeastern 

 parts of the state, extending south in tamarack swamps as far as Minne- 

 apolis. 



Gaylussacia Humboldt, Bonpland and Kunth 1818 

 (Named for the chemist Gay-Lussac) 



Shrubs; leaves alternate; flowers in racemes; sepals 5, united at the 

 base and fused with the ovary, corolla urn-shaped or bell-shaped, com- 

 posed of five fused petals, stamens 10 usually included in the corolla; 



