i 4 6 ROSE FAMILY 



often grown as garden roses in Minnesota but are not quite hardy without 

 protection. During severe winters the canes often kill back to the level 

 of the snow unless covered with straw. 



Garden Roses 



The large flowered garden roses are mainly varieties of Rosa gal- 

 lic a L. and Rosa centifolia L. and hybrids of these and other 

 species. These species have been crossed with Rosa damascena 

 Mill, the Damask rose of southwestern Asia and especially with Rosa 

 chinensis J acq. of eastern Asia. Many of the garden roses have most 

 complicated pedigrees, the above mentioned species being crossed and re- 

 crossed with one another, sometimes with the introduction of yet other 

 species. 



The hardiest garden roses are the varieties of Rosa gallica and 

 Rosa centifolia, but they flower but once each year. Rosa 

 chinensis, the parent of most of our hothouse roses blooms contin- 

 uously but is tender. The hybrids of this species with Rosa gallica 

 and Rosa centifolia show varying degrees of hardiness, but all need 

 good protection in Minnesota in winter. In general the freedom of bloom 

 after the first blossoming season in June is inversely proportional to the 

 hardiness of the rose. 



Cydonia (Tournefort) Miller 1752 Quince 

 (L. cydonia, quince, from Cydonia, a town of Crete) 



Shrubs or small trees, sometimes spiny, with alternate, stipulate, serrate 

 or entire leaves; flowers large, scarlet or white, short-stalked, appearing 

 before or with the leaves; calyx tubular-campanulate, sepals 5, petals 5, 

 stamens 20 or more, carpels 5 with numerous ovules, styles united at the 

 base; fruit a large 5-celled pome, firm when ripe, and fragrant. 



A genus of three or four species and several subspecies, natives of 

 warm temperate Asia and southern Europe. The cultivated quince be- 

 longs to this genus. 



Cydonia japonica P e r s o o n 1807 Scarlet Quince 



Small, more or less spiny shrub, 1-2 meters (3-6 ft.) high; leaves 

 ovate, serrate, glossy above, 3.5-7.5 cm. long; flowers on the old twigs in 

 2-6 flowered clusters, appearing before or with the leaves, typically scarlet- 

 red, 3.5-5 cm. wide, sometimes only staminate; fruit globular or ovoid, 



