CRATAEGUS— MALUS 159 



rough, dark gray or brown; leaves wedge-obovate or spatulate, wedge- 

 shaped at the base, rounded or acute at the apex, doubly serrate, sometimes 

 lobed, dull gray-green, becoming orange or scarlet in autumn, scattered 

 pubescent and impressed-veined above, strongly pubescent on the veins 

 below, 2-8 cm. long, 1-4 cm. wide; corymbs flat, tomentose; flowers 1-2 

 cm. broad, calyx tube obconic, pubescent, stamens about 20, anthers white 

 to pink, styles 2-5; fruit pyriform or subglobose, 1.2-1.5 cm. in diameter, 

 yellow or red, flesh thin, dry, nutlets 3-4, 8 mm. long :punctata, dotted. 



Common throughout the southeastern part of the state and in the Big 

 Woods country. This is the largest and commonest of our native species 

 of Crataegus. Distributed from Quebec to Minn., through western New 

 England to Pa., 111., and Iowa, along the mountains to Ga. 



The wood is bright red in color, close grained, hard and heavy, weigh- 

 ing about 49 lbs. Flowers in May and June, fruits in Aug. and Sept. 

 Fruit drops off when ripe. 



Crataegus crus-galli Linne 1753 Newcastle Thorn, Cockspur 



Thorn 



A shrub or a small tree, 2-6 meters (6-20 ft.) high, with spreading 

 branches and gray bark, thorns numerous, slender and nearly straight, 

 4-8 cm. long; leaves obovate or oblanceolate, sometimes nearly spatulate. 

 very much narrowed at the base, obtuse or abruptly acuminate at the 

 apex, sharply serrate except at the base, leathery and shining above, duller 

 beneath, glabrous on both sides, 3-6 cm. long, 1-4 cm. wide, petioles short, 

 passing gradually into the blade ; corymbs many-flowered, glabrous, 4-6 cm. 

 broad; flowers 1.2-1.5 cm. broad, calyx lobes narrowly lanceolate, glabrous 

 or slightly pubescent, about 3 mm. long, stamens 10, styles 1-3; fruit 

 ovoid or sub-globose, about 1 cm. long, greenish to dull red, firm ; crus- 

 galli, cock's spur. 



Occasionally planted but not native to the state. Occurring in thickets 

 from western Quebec and Ontario to southern Michigan, southeastern 

 Kansas and south to Georgia. 



Malus J u s s i e u 1789 

 ( M a 1 u s, classical L. name of the apple-tree) 



Trees or shrubs with alternate, toothed or lobed, simple leaves ; flowers 

 in corymbs or umbel-like cymes, white or pink, showy and fragrant ; calyx 

 tube bell-shaped or urn-shaped ; sepals 5 ; petals 5, rounded or obovate ; 



