JUGLANS 235 



Juglans cinerea Linne 1753 Butternut, White Walnut 



A tree 15-30 meters (45-90 feet) high, with wide spreading branches, 

 bark of trunk divided into ridges, light brown or gray, young twigs glan- 

 dular-pubescent, leaves with glandular-pubescent petioles, 20-50 cm. long, 

 leaflets 11-17, oblong-lanceolate, round or cordate at the base, usually 

 unequal, acuminate at the apex, finely serrate except at the base, very 

 pubescent when young, permanently downy-pubescent beneath, 5-12 cm. 

 long, 2-5 cm. wide; staminate flowers in thick catkins, 5-8 cm. long, pistil- 

 late in 2-6 flowered spikes, flowers about 1 cm. long, stigma red, large and 

 fringed, 5-7 mm. long; fruit ovate-oblong, clammy, obscurely 2-4 ridged. 

 pointed, 4-6 cm. long; nut deeply sculptured and rough with sharp ridges, 

 2-celled at the base, seeds very oily and sweet : cinerea, ash-colored. 



In rich woods and hillsides, common southward and southeastward, 

 not found southwest. Extends northward to the Snake River in Pine and 

 Kanabec Counties and to the north boundary of Aitken County along the 

 Mississippi River. Distributed from New Brunswick to the mountains of 

 Georgia, west to Ontario, eastern Kansas and Arkansas. 



The wood is coarse-grained and not strong, light brown becoming 

 darker with exposure. It is used in cabinet making and in interior finish- 

 ing of houses, weighing 25 lbs. Sugar is sometimes made from the sap 

 and the green husks of the fruits are used for dyeing cloth yellow and 

 orange-colored. Blossoms in April and May. fruit ripe in October and 

 November. 



Juglans nigra Linne 1753 Black Walnut 



A large, handsome tree, 20-40 m. (60-125 feet) high, and a trunk 

 diameter of 4-8 dm., branches wide spreading, bark rough and dark 

 brown; leaves with pubescent petioles, 25-50 cm. long, leaflets 11-17, 

 ovate-lanceolate, rounded and often unequal at the base, acuminate at 

 the apex, sharply serrate, glabrous above, soft-pubescent at least along the 

 midrib beneath, 4-12 cm. long, 1.5-5 cm. wide; staminate flowers in stout 

 puberulous catkins, 6-12 cm. long, pistillate flowers in 3-5 flowered spikes, 

 flower about 4 mm. long, stigmas yellowish-green, tinged with red, 1-1.5 

 cm. long ; fruit solitary or in pairs, globose, light yellowish-green, slightly 

 roughened, 4-5 cm. in diameter, nut oval or oblong, slightly flattened, 3-4 

 cm. in diameter, dark brown, irregularly ridged or corrugated, 4-celled 

 at the base, slightly 2-celled at the apex : nigra, black. 



In rich woods, frequent in the southeastern part of the state, extending 

 north to Nininger, Dakota County, and into southern Scott and Carver 



