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MINNESOTA TREES AND SHRUBS 



Carpel A simple pistil, or the unit 

 part of a compound pistil 



Cartilaginous Firm and tough, like 

 cartilage 



Catkin A long hanging cluster of 

 flowers 



Cell The cavity or chamber of an 

 ovary 



Chaffy Applied to a head with scales 

 between the flowers, as in the sun- 

 flower head 



Ciliate Margined with hairs 



Claw The narrowed lower part of a 

 petal 



Cleft Cut about halfway to the mid- 

 dle 



Coherent United, or clinging to- 

 gether 



Compound Consisting of two or 

 more similar parts united 



Compound leaf Consisting of two or 

 more leaflets 



Concrescent Grown together 



Cone An elongated axis bearing sta- 

 mens or ovule-bearing scales, as in 

 the pine 



Conifer Cone-bearer, as in the pine, 

 spruce and fir 



Connate Grown together or united 



Constricted Narrowed or pinched 



Convolute Rolled up lengthwise 



Cordate Heart-shaped 



Coriaceous Leathery in texture 



Corm A solid bulb-like organ, as in 

 the crocus 



Corolla The brightly colored part of 

 most flowers, just within the green 

 calyx 



Corymb A flat-topped or convex 

 flower cluster, blooming first at the 

 edge 



Corymbose Corymb-like; arranged 

 as in a corymb 



Cotyledon A seed leaf 



Creeping Growing along the ground 



Crenate Scalloped; with rounded 

 shallow teeth 



Crenulate Finely crenate 



Cuneate Wedge-shaped 



Cyme A flower cluster blooming 

 from the apex or middle first, usu- 

 ally somewhat flat 



Cymose In a cyme; cyme-like 



Cymule A small cyme 



Deciduous Falling off, usually at the 



close of the season 

 Declined Bent down 

 Decumbent The lower part of the 



stem flat on the ground 



Decurrent Running down the stem, 

 as the bases of some leaves 



Deflexed Bent down 



Dehisce To split open 



Dehiscent Splitting 'open, used of 

 pods, etc. 



Deltoid Delta-like, triangular 



Dentate Toothed 



Denticulate With small teeth 



Depressed Flattened from above 



Dichotomous Two-forked 



Digitate Resembling the fingers of 

 a hand 



Dilated Broadened 



Dimorphous Of two forms 



Dioecious Bearing pistils and sta- 

 mens on different plants 



Disk The base of a flower to which 

 the parts are attached; the center 

 of a head 



Dissected Cut or divided into nu- 

 merous parts 



Divided Lobed nearly or quite to 

 the base 



Drupe A fleshy fruit with a pit or 

 stone such as the plum 



Drupelet A small drupe 



Elongated Long, drawn out 



Emarginate Indented at the tip 



Embryo The young plant in a seed 



Endocarp The inner wall of a fruit, 

 as the stone of a plum 



Endosperm The food supply stored 

 about the plantlet in many seeds 



Entire Without teeth, lobes or divi- 

 sions 



Epidermal The outer layer, the skin 

 of plants 



Epigynous Applied to a flower with 

 the parts upon the ovary 



Even-pinnate With all the leaflets 

 paired 



Exfoliated Split off, usually in scales 



Exocarp The outer part or wall of 

 a fruit 



Exserted Projecting beyond the sur- 

 rounding parts 



Exudation Sap, resin or milk that 

 has oozed out, usually dried 



Fascicle A cluster, usually dense 

 Fascicled Borne in dense clusters 

 Ferruginous Rusty or rust-colored 

 Fertile Bearing fruit; bearing pollen 

 Fertilization The process by which 



pollen changes the ovule into a 



seed 

 Fetid Ill-smelling 

 Fibrous Consisting of fibers; woven 



in texture 



