94 



small-pox. Particular care and attention to drinking water and 

 general sanitation will do much towards keeping a labour force 

 free from ankylostomiasis, cholera, dysentery, and small-pox, 

 and special measures are available to combat malaria. The 

 health of a labour force is further greatly improved by atten- 

 tion to its food. 



To reduce the risks of the introduction of infectious diseases, 

 all Indian immigrants are detained for seven days at the port 

 of their arrival, which added to the period spent on board ship 

 is sufficient to allow of the detection of such diseases. 

 Measures directed against malaria had been carried out by the 

 Government for some years past, but in 1911 a Malaria 

 Advisory Board w r as appointed to advise with regard to, and to 

 control, anti-malarial measures. A comprehensive scheme for 

 the eradication of anopheline mosquitoes in Kuala Lumpur (the 

 Federal capital) was rapidly carried out, with the most 

 satisfactory results, and similar measures have been adopted 

 on many malarious estates. The executive officers of the 

 Board not only supervise public works, but also assist private 

 authorities in the execution of anti-malarial measures. A 

 demonstration scheme to reduce malaria is now in progress on 

 an estate in Negri Sembilan. Malaria is one of the greatest 

 scourges of the tropics, but it has been demonstrated that it 

 can be economically checked by radical measures. 



[DISCUSSION.] 



Le Professeur Dr. SILVA TELLES (Lisbon) fait un resume 

 des mesures de prophylaxis mises eft pratique dans les colonies 

 portugaises pendant les dix dernieres annees. II montre 

 1'influence scientifique de 1'Ecole de Medecine Tropicale de 

 Lisbonne dans cette transformation sanitaire. Le programme 

 des etudes et des travaux de 1'Ecole portugaise est a peu pres 

 celui des Ecoles de Medecine Tropicale de Londreset Liverpool. 



La plus ancienne des ecoles de medecine dans les colonies 

 des pays europeens a ete organisee par les portugais a Nova- 

 Goa. Elle a pres d'un siecle d'existence. Beaucoup de ses 

 eleves se sont repandus aux Indes anglaises et en Afrique 

 orientale. Us ont contribue largement pour faire comprendre 

 aux indigenes les benefices d'une police sanitaire et des regies 

 hygieniques. 



Dans les colonies portugaises il y a des observatoires 

 meteorologiques et des stations de meteorologie assez bien 

 fournis d'instruments. Us auxilient efficacement les services 

 d'hygiene et de colonisation. Les observatoires de Loanda et 

 de Lourenqo-Marques sont assez renommes par leurs travaux. 



