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people whose co-operation one wishes to secure with an 

 efficient and trustworthy body of inspectors and advisers. In 

 India we have done so by appointing- official registrars in 

 different provinces, under whom there work inspectors trained 

 by them, and although in India very properly I think we are 

 trying- by degrees to hand over the duties of inspection and 

 audit to unions of the various societies themselves, there must 

 always be at least I hope there will always be Government 

 authority over them that will g'ive every little society the 

 feeling that the inspection and audit is practically a thing for 

 which Government continues to make itself responsible. 



Now as regards tropical countries such as our own Colonies, 

 and those of other European powers, where it is desired to 

 encourage co-operation among the people, I make one sugges- 

 tion which I think has already been adopted by Mauritius. As I 

 said, tine problem differs very much as between European and 

 tropical countries. Formerly, when we started the system in 

 India, we had to come to European countries to learn what 

 co-operation meant. In India we have now had about ten 

 years' experience of our own, and we have a considerable 

 number of European officials who have studied the question 

 very carefully, and have got a great deal of experience in 

 starting and working the 12,000 societies now in existence. 

 Mauritius is following our example, and has asked the Indian 

 Government to send a man to try to start the same system, 

 especially among the Indian population of Mauritius. I 

 venture to advise any tropical country which thinks of start- 

 ing such a system either to ask the Government of India to send 

 them a man, or themselves to send a colonial man to India 

 so that he may wander about there seeing how difficulties 

 have been met and overcome so successfully in India. I need 

 not add anything about the great importance and advantage 

 of the encouragement of co-operation, especially among small 

 peasants. I myself like to dwell not so much upon the econ- 

 omic advantages as upon the great educational advantages of 

 co-operation. It brings the people together, it helps them 

 to help each other, and it discourages petty jealousies. It 

 makes a great difference to them intellectually and morally 

 as well, and it is of very great importance not only to the 

 economic welfare of the people, but of still greater importance 

 to their moral and intellectual welfare. 



Mr. HENRY W. WOLFF: Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen I 

 thoroughly endorse what Sir James Wilson has just told 

 you, but I would add that it was on my advice that Mauritius 

 sent to "the Indian Government for a registrar to teach the 

 natives. If any other tropical countries intend to introduce 



