1884.1 On Boiling in a Vessel contained in a Bath. 113 



According to the researches of the latter the observed thermal 

 effects of longitudinal stress on a wire is to be found by dividing the 

 theoretical thermal effects by 1'61, since part of the work expended 

 on a wire which is stressed longitudinally finds its equivalent in 

 molecular effects which are not thermal. This view seems to be 

 partly supported by some experiments made by the author on the 

 viscosity of metals. 



V. " Note on Boiling in a Vessel contained in a Water Bath." 

 By CHARLES TOMLINSON, F.R.S. Received May 31, 1884. 



In the "Phil. Trans." for 1673, No. 97, among the " Acta Medica" 

 of Dr. Bartholin, the twelfth is thus stated : 



"A contrivance of making water not boyl in the midst of boyling 

 water, by hanging a narrow-mouth'd glass, half-full of water, in the 

 midst of an Iron Kettle filled with water ; whereupon the ambient 

 water may by a strong fire be made to boyl, when as the water in the 

 glass, though it be hot, yet will not boyl at all, though some few 

 bubbles be seen at the bottom, which do all vanish before they come 

 to the top." 



In " Rozier's Journal" for 1773, p. 1, is a memoir entitled 

 " Experiences et Phenomenes singuliers sur la Communication de la 

 Chaleur, par M. Braun, de 1'Academie de St. Petersbourg." In this 

 memoir, reference is made to a paper by Olaus Borrichius in the 

 " Memoirs of the Academy of Copenhagen," entitled " Aqua in medio 

 aquae non ebulliens." 



In M. Braun's experiments, a copper vessel was filled with water, 

 and another copper vessel, containing water to the height of two- 

 thirds, was placed in it, so that the lever of the water in the outer 

 vessel was above that in the inner. The water in the outer vessc I 

 was made to boil violently during upwards of an hour, and the 

 water in the small vessel did not show the least sign of ebullition. 

 It remained in fact 9 (De Lisle's ther.) below the temperature of the 

 water in the outer vessel. 



The experiment was also tried in vessels of glass, earthenware, 

 iron, &c., with the same result. Also with different liquids, such as 

 spirits of wine of various densities, contained in both vessels, when 

 the temperature of the liquid in the smaller vessel was from 4 to 12 

 )r 13 below that in the outer vessel. With various kinds of wine, 

 the difference was 4 or 5 ; with milk 7 C ; and with petroleum from 

 15 to 20. These results, the author remarks, form a strange 

 iradox, but may possibly be referred to the fact that the outer vessel 



immediately in contact with the source of heat. 



VOL. xxxvii. r 



