Heat and the Electric Action of Metah in Electrolytes. 251 



" Some Relations of Heat to Voltaic and Thermo-electric Action 

 of Metals in Electrolytes." By G. GORE, LL.D., F.R.S. 

 Received November 14. Read November 22, 1883. 



In several papers on the "Thermo-electric Properties of Liquids," &c., 

 more particularly those in the " Philosophical Magazine," January, 

 1857; the "Proc. Roy. Soc.," No. 188 (1878), pp. 513-543; No. 199 

 (1879), and No. 208 (1880), I have shown the thermo-electric- 

 behaviour of numerous liquids with electrodes of platinum and 

 mercury; and to a small extent with those of palladium, gold, silver, 

 copper, and iron. In the present research, the subject has been 

 examined in a different aspect, the object now being to ascertain the 

 thermo-electric actions of a series of metals in particular liquids ; and 

 to examine the relations of the thermo-electric to the chemico-electric 

 behaviour of metals in electrolytes, and to ordinary chemical corrosion, 

 and the source of voltaic currents. 



The following apparatus and method was employed for the thermo- 

 electric experiments (see fig. 1). Two thin glass vessels of the form 

 shown in the sketch, the cups of which were about 4 cm. wide and 

 5 cm. deep, with open legs 6 cm. long, and 13 mm. diameter, were 



FIG. 1. 



fixed in a piece of wood, and the limbs connected by an iudia-rubber 

 tube. In using it to ascertain the thermo-electric behaviour of a 

 particular metal with a liquid, the flexible tube was closed by a pinch 

 tap, one limb and cup was nearly filled with the cold liquid, then the 

 hot liquid (previously heated in a large closed flask) poured into the 

 other ; the pinch tap then taken off, the pieces of same metal wholly 

 VOL. xxxvii. s 



