Thermo-electric Action of Metals in Electrolytes. 279 



electric influence, when examining thermo-electric actions of metals 

 in liquids. Additional instances are given on pp. 281, 288. 



With the object of ascertaining the electric potential of voltaic 

 currents from pairs of metals in the " cold " columns of liquid of 

 Table X in thermo-electric terms of one of the same metals ; the 

 current of two of those metals (contiguous or as near to each other 

 as could be obtained) in one of those liquids at atmospheric tempera- 

 ture, was balanced by a thermo-electric one from two pieces of one of 

 the same metals in a second portion of the same liquid, in a bent 

 glass tube, as shown in the annexed sketch (fig. 2),* and the 



Fia. 2. 



difference of temperature between the two pieces ascertained at which 

 the balance occurred. Usually, however, the bent tube alone (as in 

 fig. 1, p. 251, but provided with a hot water- bath), containing the two 

 metals, was used. The temporary portion of current was in every 

 case allowed to subside before applying the heat. Cases in which 

 the voltaic current from two contiguous metals was too strong to be 

 balanced by the only applicable thermo-electrio one were excluded. 

 The electric potentials at 60 F. of most of the voltaic pairs employed 

 were subsequently determined. The following are the results : 



Table XVII. Thermo-electric Balance of Chemico-electric Action. 



Chemico-electric 



Thermo-electric 



* One leg of the bent tube was surrounded by a water-bath, which could be 

 heated gradually. 



