1884.] some existing Non-harmonic Musical Scales. 377 



also gave me much information), assisted by Dr. Onnes, both of 

 Leyden. Professor Land also kindly communicated the results of 

 the measurements by Dr. Loman and Dr. Figee, both of Leyden. 

 These measurements of distinct instruments are annexed in a re- 

 duced form. 



There are two entirely different Javese orchestras which cannot 

 play together. We examined three sets of instruments from each the 

 Gambang, or wooden harmonicon, the Sdron and Slentem, or metal 

 bar harmonicons, and the Bonang, or set of kettles while in Leyden 

 a Gender (another metal harmonicon) and a different Sdron were 

 examined. 



The first orchestra played Salendro, the second Pelog scales, both 

 Pentatonic ; but, as will be seen, completely different. The first had 

 only five notes in the Octave, the second had seven, but used only five 

 at a time, just as Europeans have twelve, but use only seven at a time. 

 The first has no interval between consecutive notes so small as a 

 major Second, or so large as a minor Third. The second has between 

 two consecutive notes of its seven, approximatively two Semitones, 

 (no Tone), three Three-quartertones, and two minor Thirds. The 

 first is very uniform, the second very diverse in its intervals. 



First or Salendro Scales. 



This tempered form seems to have been that aimed at. It is easily 

 tuned when the ear has become accustomed to the flat Fourth of 

 480 cents. Tune up I 480 III, and III 480 V. Then from the 

 Octave I' tune down I' 480 IV, and IY 480 II. Observe that the 

 Fourth is flat and the Fifth sharp, and that V is nearly the natural 

 harmonic Seventh of 969 cents. These are also points of distinction 

 from the next set. 



