1884.] some existing Non-harmonic Musical Scales. 379 



musicians attached to that court, in July and August, 1884, at four 

 specially arranged meetings, on their own instruments, together with 

 observations on a duplicate of one of them at the South Kensington 

 Museum, and a set of bells belonging to Mr. Hermann Smith. 



1. Transverse Flute or Ti-tsu, with seven finger holes and an embou- 

 chure, open at both ends. Probably in actual playing some of the 

 notes may have been varied by half or quarter covering of the finger- 

 holes. The Heptatonic scale played is given first, and then the notes 

 selected for the more usual Pentatonic scale. 



Vib 240 266 292 311 362 401 454 479 



Fromvib I 178 II 161 III 109 IV 214 V 226 VI 215 VII 93 I' 



Sums ,... 178 339 448 662 888 1103 1196 



Pentatonic I 178 .II 270 ... IV 214 V 226 VI 308 ... I' 



2. Oboe or 8o-na, played with a short reed, having seven finger- 

 holes in front and two thumb-holes behind, a loose brass cone of 

 considerable size covered the lower end. Said to be a modern instru- 

 ment. Sound and intervals resembling the bagpipes. 



Vib 400 435 475 516 578 640 719 808 



Fromvib I 145 II 152 III 143 IV 197 V 176 VI 201 VII 202 I' 



Sums 145 297 440 637 813 1014 1216 



Tempered vib... 400 436 476 519 582 635 713 800 



From vib I 150 II 150 III 150 IV 200 V 150 VI 200 VII 200 I' 



Sums 150 300 450 650 800 1000 1200 



On this instrument as thus played there was nothing approaching 

 a Fourth of 498 cents, or a Fifth of 702 cents. It must have been 

 modified in playing to work with the flute. Both were orchestral 

 instruments. 



3. Reed Mouth Organs or Sheng (rhymes to sung, and often so 

 called), a gourd with its top cut off, and covered with a flat board, in 

 which were inserted 13 pipes, 11 of which had free reeds, which 

 bounded on blowing (or sucking) through the mouth-hole, and stop- 

 ping a hole in the pipe which the player intended to sound. The 

 lengths of the pipes are ornamental, an internal slot determining the 

 real lengths. The two " dummies " were for holding. 



First oct. vib.... 450 608 547 600 680 760 820 899 



Fromvib I 210 II 128 III 160 IV 217 V 193 VI 132 VII 159 I' 



Sums 210 338 498 715 908 1040 1199 



Second oct. vib. 899 1017 1110 1232 



Fromvib I' 214 II' 151 III' 182 IV 



Sums 214 365 547 



Tempered vib... 450 505 551 601 674 757 825 900 



Fromvib I 200 II 150 III 150 IV 200 V 200 VI 150 VII 150 I' 



Sums 200 350 500 700 900 1050 1200 



Here we have a perfect Fourth, IY 498 cents, and a good but 

 sharp Fifth, V 715 cents. But the instrument, if in tune (small free 

 reeds easily fall out of tune) , belonged to the Quartertone system. 



VOL. XXXVII. 2 C 



