298 BUILDINGS, SANITATION, AND DISEASES 



keep the air dry. An extra opening made in the chimney shaft 

 near the floor will serve to draw out much foul air. 



In fact, where winter litters are raised in large pens, some 

 helpful device like this is absolutely necessary. 



Light. Light, especially sunlight, has a wonderful influ- 

 ence in promoting health. So far as possible, the windows 

 should be on the south side of the building, because the south 

 side gets the most sun and is least exposed to cold winds. 



Draughts. While ventilation is necessary, draughts are 

 extremely injurious, and their prevention should be kept in 

 view when building. 



Warmth. Warmth is a good thing, but it should not be 

 secured at the expense of ventilation. A somewhat cold pen, 

 well ventilated but free from draughts, is preferable to a warm 

 pen where the air is damp and foul, and the pigs will suffer 

 less discomfort in the former than in the latter. Very young 

 pigs require warmer quarters than older ones, and when a sow 

 farrows in winter, special pains should be taken to secure 

 warmth and freedom from draughts. If she is in a large 

 piggery, it is often a help to lay poles across the tops of the 

 partitions over the bed and then cover these poles with straw. 



PLANS OF PIGGERIES. 



The first plan which is given here (Fig. 70) is taken from 

 a piggery on the farm of Mr. J. E. Brethour, Burford, Ontario. 

 Its construction is comparatively cheap, and it possesses many 

 desirable features. It is capable of many modifications, and a 

 careful study of the plan will be helpful to those who intend to 

 build. Of course, the building can be made any length desired. 



Size. The building is 36 by 100 feet, outside measurement. 

 A cement wall, 8 inches thick, rises three feet above the floor. 



