250 PROPERTIES OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTING SYSTEMS 



acids. Obviously, the "salting out" effect cannot well be ascribed to 

 some property peculiar to electrolytes alone. 



In a few instances, the addition of a salt causes a marked increase 

 in the solubility of a non-electrolyte. This is the case with ether in 

 water in the presence of sodium salts of aromatic acids. 18 While the 

 salts of the aliphatic acids cause a marked depression in the solubility, 

 those of the aromatic, acids cause an increase in solubility. 



In Table XCVIII are given values of the equivalent percentage solu- 

 bility increase of ether in water due to the addition of 0.5 N salts of 

 different acids. 



TABLE XCVIII. 



SOLUBILITY CONSTANTS FOR ETHER IN THE PRESENCE OF SODIUM SALTS 



OF AROMATIC ACIDS. 



Solubility 

 Salt Solubility Coefficient 



0.5 N Sodium Phthalate ............... 5.88 1.5 



0.5 N Sodium Cinnamate .............. 6.29 15.0 



0.5 N Sodium Benzoate ................ 5.99 4.8 



0.5 N Sodium Salicylate ............... 6.44 20.0 



0.5 N Sodium Benzenesulphonate ....... 6.05 7.0 



The solubility of ether is given in the second column. The solu- 

 bility of ether in pure water is 5.85 grams per 100 grams of water at 28. 

 It is evident that the so-called "salting out" effect is not a property 

 characteristic of all electrolytes. 



It is of interest to examine the solubility effects in non-aqueous solu- 

 tions. Here the data are very meager. Thorin 19 has measured the 

 solubility of phenylthiourea in ethyl alcohol at 28. The results are 



TABLE XCIX. 



SOLUBILITY OF PHENYLTHIOUREA IN ETHYL ALCOHOL IN THE PRESENCE 



OF ELECTROLYTES. 



Electrolyte Concentration Solubility B' 



LiCl .............. 0.168 norm. 0.2274 norm. 60 



" .............. 0.337 0.2360 42 



" .............. 0.673 0.2440 27 



" .............. 1.346 0.2494 15 



18 Thorin, Ztschr. f. phys. 

 "Ibid., 89, 691 (1915). 



Chem. 89, 688 (1915). 



