64 MADEEPORARIA. 



developed. Corallum very dense ; surface covered with rough granules ; wall strongly striate, 

 scarcely echinulate. 



Philippine Islands. 



a. Samboangan. H.M.S. ' Challenger.' 86. 12, 9. 281. (Type.) 



45. Uadrepora scabrosa. 

 Madrepora tcahrosa, Quelch, ' Challenger ' Eeef Corals, p. 152, pi. x. fig. 2. 



Corallum fruticosc, much branched ; branches closely crowded, 18 to 24 cm, long and 

 2 to 3'5 cm. diameter, becoming divided into two or three secondary branches near the base, 

 each of which is again divided, forming branchlets 5 to 12 cm. long and 1 cm, thick, bearing 

 numerous proliferations 6 to 25 mm. long. Axial corallites 2*5, rarely 3 mm. diameter, and 

 0*5 to 2"5 mm. exsert, wall thick. Radial corallites compressed above, thick and rather 

 appressed tubular at the apex, not crowded, becoming dimidiate, beaked -nariform with an 

 elongate aj)erture, and passing through swallow-nest shapes to subimmersed. Diameter of 

 the prominent corallites 2 mm., length 5 mm. or under, excepting in the case of proliferous 

 corallites, which are moderately numerous. Near the apex a few small and irregularly 

 arranged corallites occur between the others, opening in various directions. A marked 

 feature of the species consists in the numerous, large, round, subimmersed corallites, with an 

 aperture of 1'5 mm. or over, which extend from the base to within 8 or 9 cm. of the apex. 

 Septa in two cycles, rather narrow; those of each cycle subequal in the axial and sub- 

 immersed corallites, the directives more or less prominent in the others. Corallum moderately 

 porous ; surface and wall of the corallites finely echinulate, not striate. 



Pacific Ocean : Fiji Islands. 



a. Fiji. H.M.S. 'Challenger.' 85.2.1.16. (Type.) 



48. Madrepora divaricata. 



Madrepora divaricata, Dana, Zoophytes, p. 477, pi. xli, fig. 2 ; M.-Edwards & Haime, Coralliaires, t. iii. 

 p. 140 ; Rathbun, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1887, vol. x. p. 15. 



Corallum shrubby, arborescent, much and spreading ramose, a little proliferous ; branches 

 divaricate, arcuate, subterete, 1'7 cm. diameter; branchlets attenuate, 8 to 12 mm. thick, 

 Corallum smooth*; axial corallite 3 mm. broad, exsert; radial corallites remote, divaricate, 

 very stout, scarcely striate, some long tubiform (4 mm.), and 2 to 3 mm. diameter; a few 

 larger and proliferous, many short and round nariform. The cells are all very large; those 

 in the smaller obsolescent corallites about 1*3 mm. broad, and contain a distinct star of 

 6 rays. Surface of the corallites scarcely striate, though harsh to the feel. From the Fiji 

 Islands. {Dana.) 



* The term " smooth," as used by Dana, usually indicates that the surface is granular or finely 

 echinulate, in contradistinction to striate or scabrous. 



