MADREPOBA. 87 



which are 7 mm. long and 2*5 mm. thick, with a rosette of bud corallites at the base. The 

 septa are not well-developed in the radial corallites, usually only the directives are prominent. 

 Corallum not very porous; surface echinulate and spongy in parts; wall substriate and 

 echinulate. 



A specimen from Samoa has rather shorter corallites, most of which are canoe-shaped. 



Pacific Ocean : Fiji, Samoa {Strassburg Museum). 



79. Madrepora alliomorpha. 



? Madrepora secale, Studer, Mitth. naturf. Ges. Bern, 1880, p. 22 (non Ortmann, Zool. JB. 1889, Bd. iv. 



p. 510). 

 ? Madrepora appressa, Ortmann {non Ehrenberg), Zool. JB. 1889, Bd. iv. p. 509. 



Corallum broad, corymbiform, and short pedicellate, 18 cm. high and 45 cm. broad. 

 Under surface oblique, obconical, consisting o£ an intricate network of branches with 

 immersed corallites and stunted branchlets exteriorly, pressed almost into the general plane, 

 bearing numerous contorted tubular corallites applied to the twigs throughout the whole 

 length. On the upper surface the branches are about 1 cm. diameter, divided near the base 

 into clusters of three or more branchlets, some of which are proliferous. Axial corallites 

 2 mm. diameter or a little over, 1 to 1-5 mm. exsert; wall thick, margin slightly rounded. 

 Radial corallites in the upper parts a little spreading, subtubular or boat-shaped, sometimes 

 with the inner part of the wall short ; the outer margin is curved, the apex rounded, and the 

 aperture is generally not quite at the apex but opens inwards. At a point from 2 to 2*5 cm. 

 from the apex the corallites are more appressed, and the outer margin is then straight ; they 

 subsequently become gradually shorter and at the base immersed; length of those in the 

 distal parts 3 to 4 mm., diameter 1*2 to 1*5 mm. ; wall firm and dense. Primary septa well- 

 developed in the radial corallites, with sometimes indications of a second cycle ; in those 

 corallites which are boat-shaped the directive septa are very broad. Corallum rather dense, 

 scarcely reticulate in section ; surface dense and echinulate, but reticulate in patches ; wall 

 finely echinulate. 



Singapore {Jagor). Berlin Museum. 



80. Madrepora secale. 



Madrepora plantaginea, Dana (non Lamarck), Zoophytes, p. 459. 



"iMadrepora ecMdncm, Dana (non Lamarck), Zoophytes, p. 458, pi. xxxv. fig. 3, pi. xxxi. fig. 9 (non 



Ortmann, Zool. JB. 1888, Bd. iii. p. 162). 

 Madrepora appressa, var., Verrill, Bull. Mus. Comp. ZooL 1864, vol. i. p. 42 ; ibid. Dana's Corals and 



Coral Islands, Appendix, 1875 ed. p. 333 ; ? Ortmann, Zool. JB. 1889, Bd. iv. p. 509. 

 Madrepora secale, St.udor, MB. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1878, p. 530 ; ? ibid. Mitth. naturf. Ges. Bern, 1880, 



p. 22 ; Eathbun, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1887, vol. x. p. 18 (non Quelch, ' Challenger' E«ef Corals, 



p. 163 ; non Ortmann, Zool. JB. 1889, Bd. iv. p. 509). 

 Madrepwa glohiceps, Bassett-Smith, Ann. Mag. N. H. 1890, vol. vi. p. 454. 

 Madrepora acervata, Bassett-Smith, Ann. Mag. N. H. 1890, vol. vi. p. 454. 



n2 



