MADEEPOEA. 149 



branchlets ; length 3 to 5 cm., diameter 1-7 to 2 cm. at the base, and usually over 1 cm. just 

 below the apex. Axial corallites 3 to 3'75 mm. diameter, scarcely exsert ; aperture usually 

 small, 1 mm. Radial corallites practically all of the same type, stout and dilated, appressed 

 tubular, with the inner part of the wall a little shorter than the outer, margin much rounded, 

 aperture more or less elliptical ; diameter 22 to 3 mm., length 2 to 3 mm. ; a few are 

 proliferous and those nearer the base are more appressed ; immersed corallites confined to the 

 base of the branches and the intervals between them. The star consists usually of 12 septa, 

 but none of them are very prominent. Corallum very dense ; surface and wall finely and 

 closely echinulate. 



This species resembles M. globiceps in the thickness and blunt apices of the branches ; 

 but has much stouter corallites, axial as well as radial. 



Habitat not recorded. 



a. ? ? 93. 4. 7. 157. (Type.) 



b. Inner part of the wall incomplete ; aperture elliptical. 



156. Madrepora seriata. 



Heteropora seriata, Ehrenberg, Corallenth. d. roth. Meeres, p. 133. 



Madrepora seriata, Dana, Zoophytes, p. 488 ; M.-Edwards & Haime, Coralliaires, t. iii. p. 152. 



Madrepora pallida, Elunzinger, KoraUenth. d. roth. Meeres, Th. ii. p. 10, pi. x. fig. A, pi. ix. fig. 6, 



?pl. iv. fig. 6. 

 Madrepora plantaginea, Studer (won Lamarck), MB. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1878, p. 530 (part.); Studer, 



Mitth. naturf. Ges. Bern, 1880, p. 19. 

 Madrepora pyramidalis, Klunzinger, KoraUenth. d. roth. Meeres, Th. ii. p. 12 (part.). 



Corallum cespitose or cespito-arborescent, flattened above or hemispherical, 10 to 26 cm. 

 broad and 5 to 18 cm. high. Branches 2 cm. thick at the base and 2 to 4 cm. long, or 6 to 

 9 cm. in cespito-arborescent specimens, much divided in the distal parts. Ultimate divisions 

 1 cm. thick, usually with a blunt apex. Axial corallites hemispherical, 3'5 to 6 mm. broad ; 

 aperture 1 to 15 mm. diameter, or in some cases 2 to 3 mm.; both wide and narrow 

 apertures sometimes occur in difl'erent parts of the same colony. Radial corallites small, 

 hemieotyloid around the axial corallite, those immediately below usually much appressed and 

 subequal. The majority are short, thick, ascending, tubular, often with the inner part of 

 the wall more or less incomplete and the outer part somewhat convex, 2 to 3 mm. long and 

 broad ; outer part of the wall usually thick, margin a little rounded ; sometimes a few short, 

 thick, tubular, proliferous corallites occur at intervals, those on the marginal branches are 

 often 5 mm. long. A few smaller, short, nariform or sublabeUate corallites with thin walls 

 are scattered between the others and a few are immersed. The star of the radial corallites 

 consists of two cycles of septa, the directives usually, bujt not invariably, very broad, the 

 others narrow. Corallum rather porous and reticulate above, but denser below ; surface 

 spongy-reticulate and echinulate ; wall faintly striate. 



X 



