7C, MADREPOEARIA 



Appendix to Goniopora Java Sea C 4)l. 



Forms from other localities with essentially the same method of growth, but showing 

 variations. 



(a) (PI. VIII. fig. 4.) There is a perfectly symmetrical hemisphere in the National 

 Collection (see p. 154), from some unknown locality, showing the same characters, but with 

 calicles much more uniform in size, nearly 5 mm. across, very deep, and with thicker walls, 

 the edges of which are flush with the surface. The regularity of the calicles and the number 

 of conical depressions of young buds in the angles are to be noted. 



()8) There is a specimen in the Paris Museum which was named by Milne-Edwards and 

 Haime "G. Stokesi." It is also without known locality. Calicles 5-6 mm. across, 6-7 deep, 

 sometimes a fourth cycle of septa. 



(7) There is a specimen, G. Singapore 6, in the Cambridge University Museum, which 

 shows a kind of transition between this form and the straight columnar method of growth, 

 cf. Dana's " G. columnar from Fiji. Its contour is oval, and the successive growths tend to 

 rise like tight-fitting caps without very much increase in size, the uppermost merely bulging 

 irregularly. The calicles are essentially of the same build as those above described, and 

 average about 4mm., but they are not quite so deep; the delicate frilled septa rise higher, 

 that is, nearly to the top of the wall, and the walls are very thin, but show a tendency to 

 thicken in the angles. Their upper edges are very irregular and rise to different levels. 



(B) The Maldive corals (PI. VII. fig. 6 and PI. XIII. fig. 9) of the same type show 

 interesting differences. They appear to grow on soft mud, into which the younger basal 

 parts sink, and the stocks are all built up of a series like rolls of coins increasing in size, 

 and the series is usually bent. The calicles are large, up to 6 mm. (PI. VII. fig. 6), gaping, 

 angular and shallow, sometimes not more than 3 mm. deep. The walls are not thick, but are 

 friable, delicately frilled and zigzag, and very perforate ; the top edges rise to very different 

 levek, the angles, with young buds, often shooting up. The frilled septa rise right to the top 

 of the walls, and, though narrow, are very conspicuous toothed ridges. Usually in the large 

 calicles more than 24 septa. The typical formula is difficult to make out, although fusions 

 into groups of 3 and 4 can be seen (cf. fig. 6, PI. VII.). The columellar tangle is a close 

 mass of fine curling flakes, and grows so straggled about the base of the calicle (as it does, 

 though in a lesser degree, in the preceding forms) that it looks like a pathological 

 proliferation of the skeleton running up the edges of the septa and sometimes involving 

 groups of septa. In doing this it may assume a stellate arrangement, which only approaches 

 symmetry in the shallower lateral calicles where the columella has become an immense, convex, 

 nearly solid mass. 



See further on these corals under the heading Goniopora Maldives J h p. 89. 



