78 MADREPORARIA. 



47. Goniopora Java Sea ( 4)3. 



[From the same locality and formation as G. Java (4)2-] 



Porites incrassatu, Reuss, t)ber foss. Korallen Java : Reise Osterr. Fregatte Novara, ii. (1866) 

 p. 174, pi. ii. fig. 4. 



Description. — Corallum of unknown growth-form. The only specimen was a fragment of 

 irregular outline, with what appears, from the figures, to be a convex surface ; it seems pos- 

 sible to consider the specimen as a typical plano-convex corallum with the edges broken. 



Calicles 4 mm. in diameter, polygonal, very shallow, without sharply raised walls, and 

 indistinctly separated from one another [the large meshes of the flat reticular wall often not 

 shut off from the interseptal loculi]. "8-18" conspicuous septa, thinning away towards the 

 centre. The primaries, and a few of the secondaries, reach the centre, the rest fusing with 

 those next them, " so that some of them appear branching " ; irregularly perforate, and covered 

 with small pointed granules. 6-8 rounded granules as pali surround a small columellar 

 tubercle. 



In this interesting form we see all stages in the process of the fusing of septa nearer and 

 nearer to the wall, till some of the pairs seem to be single septa with two abutments on the 

 wall. This is what we find in the specimens described on p. 140, in which the process was 

 so far gone that they might easily be mistaken for transition forms between Goniopora and 

 Porites. 



On this subject see observations in the Introduction, p. 21. 



48. Goniopora Java Sea ( 4) 4. 

 [West of -Liotjitjangkang, Rongga district (Upper Miocene), ? Leyden Museum.] 

 Litharma astraoides Martin, Die Tertiiirschichten auf Java, (1880) pi. xxv. 14, 15, and xxvi. 9. 



Description. — Corallum convex, gibbous. 



Calicles, from subpolygonal to subcircular, from 2 to nearly 3 mm. across, moderately 

 deepened ; the wall a somewhat thickened granular reticulum (" schwammig "), the " well- 

 developed " septa in three cycles, the third being generally incomplete ; almost all reach the 

 large reticular columellar tangle. They are very lamellate, with few pores, except near the 

 inner edges where they meet the columella, and with granulated sides. A few cases of septa 

 fusing near the wall are seen. The upper edges of the septa are denticulate. The surface 

 of the columella shows signs of forming paliform prominences. 



