12 CONTBIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 



DOUGLAS. 



David Douglas (1799-1834), a Scotch botanist sent out by the 

 London Horticultural Society, made extensive collections in two 

 journeys, the first from 1824 to 1827. In this journey Douglas 

 explored the larger portion of what is now Washington and much of 

 Oregon and Idaho. He returned to England in 1827, traveling over- 

 land from Fort Vancouver to Hudson Bay, where he fortunately 

 found a whaling vessel. The second journey occupied the years 1830 

 to 1833. The sunnner of 1830 was spent in Washington and Oregon, 

 From December, 1830, to October, 1832, he was in California and the 

 Hawaiian Islands, whence he again reached the Columbia River 

 October 23, 1832. The ensuing twelve months were spent in Wash- 

 ington and Oregon. October 18, 1833, Douglas sailed from the 

 mouth of the Columbia to the Hawaiian Islands, where he met his 

 death July 12, 1834. 



During all of his trips Douglas kept a journal, and this is now in 

 the possession of the I^ndon Horticultural Society. The principal 

 parts of this journal were published after Douglas's death in the 

 " Companion to the Botanical Magazine," by Sir W. J. Hooker, in 

 183(». This paper has recently been reprinted by the Oregon Histor- 

 ical Society. From it the following epitome of Douglas's northwest- 

 ern explorations are drawn: 



Reaching Fort Vancouver April 19, 1825, Douglas spent the first 

 two months collecting in the immediate vicinity. From June 20 to 

 August 5 he botanized along the Columbia between Vancouver and 

 The Dalles. On August 19 he started up the Willamette, reaching 

 a point 38 kilometers (24 miles) above the falls. The second week 

 in September he ascended the high mountains on each side of the 

 Columbia, a very arduous task. On the mountain on the south side, 

 he discovered Ahies amahilis and A. nohilis. The time from Octo- 

 ber 22 until November 15 was spent in a trij) to the mouth of the 

 Columbia, thence up the coast to Willapa and Oray harbors. From 

 the latter place he ascended the Chehalis River and returned to Van- 

 couver down the Cowlitz. Owing to extremely bad weather, all the 

 collections of this trip were lost. The winter was spent at Fort 

 Vancouver. 



March 20, 1820, Douglas started for Fort Walla Walla, now the 

 site of Wallula, which he reached on the 28th. April 1 he was at 

 Priest Rapids, April G at the mouth of the Okanogan, and April 11 

 at the mouth of the Spokane, where he remained eight days. April 

 19 he started for Kettle Falls, where much of the time until June 4 

 was spent. Proceeding overland to Walla Walla, he remained there 

 until June 19. During the three weeks succeeding he made two trips 

 into the Blue Mountains. On July 17 he started up the Snake River, 



