PIPER FLORA OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON. 197 



Zonal distribution: Arctic and Hudsoiiian. 



This species has been confused with both T. glutinosa (Michx.) Pers. and T. occidentalis 

 S. Wats. 



STENANTHIUM. 



1. Stenanthium occidentale A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 8: 405. 1873. 



Stenanihella occidentalis Rydherg, Bull. Torr. Club 27: 531. 1900. 



Type locality: "In the Rocky Mountains." Collected l)y Bourgoau. 



Range: British Columbia and Alberta to Oregon and Montana. 



Specimens examined: Olympic Mountains, Flett 137; Piper 2226; Cascade Mountains, 

 latitude 49°, Lyall in 1859-60; Clallam County, Elmer 2503; Silverton, Boucic 188a; Goat 

 Mountains, Allen 233; Cascade Mountains, Henderson, July, 1892; Cape Horn, Howell in 

 1877; Piper 4966. 



Zonal distoibution: Arctic to Canadian. 



XEROPHYLLTJM. 



1. Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. Gon. 1: 235. 1818. Pine lily. 



Heloniastenax Pursh, Fl. 1: 243. 1814. 



Type localiitt: "On the high lands near the Rocky Mountains." Collected by Jjtnvis, 

 June 25, 1806, on which date he was on Collins [Lolo] Creek, Idaho. 



Range: British Columbia to Montana and California. 



Specimens examined: Clallam County, Elmer 2505; Skokomish Valley, Kincaid, June, 

 1892; Mount Rainier, Piper, August, 1895; Mount Carlton, Kreager 273. 



Zonal distribution: Hudsonian and Canadian. 



This plant was formerly much used by the Indians in basketry work. It ranges in 

 altitude from near the sea level in Mason County to 6,000 feet on Mount Rainier. On the 

 Lolo Trail, where Lewis collected the type, it is exceedingly abundant, often covering 

 hundreds of acres. It is also known as bear grass and squaw grass. 



ZYGADENUS. 



Petals 8 to 10 mm. long; gland obcordate 1 . Z. elegans. 



Petals 6 to 8 mm. long; gland obovate. 



Inflorescence paniculate ; petals acute 2. Z. paniculatus. 



Inflorescence racemose ; petals obtuse 3. Z. venenos^is. 



1. Zygadenus elegans Pursh, Fl. 1: 241. 1814. 



Type locality: "On the waters of the Cokahlaishkit River, near the Rocky Moun- 

 tains" [i. e., Big Blackfoot River, Montana]. Collected by Lewis. 



Range: Alaska to New Brunswick, south to Washington, Colorado, Minnesota, and 

 Vermont. 



Specimens examined: Olympic Mountains, Flett 109; Wenache Mountains, Whited. 718; 

 Wenache Region, Brnndegee 1112; Loomis, Elmer 597. 



2. Zygadenus paniculatus S. Wats. Bot. King Explor. 5: 343. 1871. 



Type locality: "Oregon and Washington. Frequent on the foot-hills of the Virginia, 

 Trinity, and West Humboldt Mountains, Nevada, and in the Wahsatch." 



Range: Washington to Nevada and Montana. 



Specimens examined: Admiralty Head, Piper, May, 1898; Ellensburg, Whited 3.54, 

 Piper 2671; Ellensburg to Wenas, Whited 276; Wenache Valley, Whited 85, 10.54; ralcon 

 Valley, Suksdorf 704; Rattlesnake Mountains, Cotton 577, 366; between Coulee ril- r-r.:\ 

 Waterville, SpUlman, May, 1896; without locality, Vasey; Waitsburg, Horner B4<]3. 



Zonal distribution: Upper Sonoran. 



