PIPER — FLORA OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON. 313 



Specimens examined: Olympic Mountains, Piper, August, 1895; Elmer 2642; Mount 

 Rainier, Allen 99; Smith in 1890; Piper 2038; Mount Adams, Henderson, August, 1892; 

 Flett 1317; SuJcsdorf in 1877; Bridge Creek, Elmer 635. 



Zonal distribution: Arctic. 



The specific name of this plant in the original publication was spelled tolmaei, evidently 

 a typographical error. 



2. Saxifraga bronchialis L. Sp. PI. 1: 400. 1753. 



Saxifraga austromontana Wiegand, Bull. Torr. Club 27: 389. 1900. 



Saxifraga cognata E. Nelson, Bot. Gaz. 30: 118. 1900. 



Type locality: Siberia. 



Range: Alaska to Oregon and New Mexico; also Siberia and Russia. 



Specimens examined: Olympic Mountains, Piper 2210; Baldy Peak, Lam& 1312; Whidby 

 Island, Gardner 115; Mount Constitution, Henderson, July, 1892; Mount Rainier, Piper 

 2036 and August, 1888; Smith 348; Goat Mountains, ^ZZen 197; Cascade Mountains, latitude 

 49°, Lyall in 1859; between Colville and the Cascade Mountains, latitude 49°, Lyall in 1860; 

 Mount Ad&ms, Suksdorf 11; Henderson, July, 1892; Stevens FeLSS, Sandberg c& Leiberg 763; 

 Loomis, Elmer 583; without locality, Vasey in 1889; Cape Horn, Piper 4972. 



Zonal distribution: Hudsonian and Arctic. 



Two forms of this variable species occur in Washington, both with white flowers. The 

 alpine form has acute or acuminate leaves, while the plant common on the cliffs along the 

 Columbia River and in Island County has thinner obtuse or obtusish leaves and larger 

 corymbs. Mr. Howell has referred the latter form to S. cherlerioides D. Don, with which, 

 however, it is not identical. 



Small a recognizes Saxifraga austromontana Wiegand as valid (Leptasea austromontana 

 Small, loc. cit.) and describes the second form mentioned above as Leptasea vespertina. 

 Saxifraga bronchialis L. as generally accepted is a polymorphic species and the above are, 

 as we believe, mere subspecies at best. Intergrading forms occur. They may be desig- 

 nated, however, Saxifraga bronchialis- austromontana and S. bronchialis vespertina. The 

 type of the latter is Lamb's 1312. 



3. Saxifraga cespitosa L. Sp. PI. 1 : 404. 1753. 

 Type locality : North European. 



Range: Subarctic regions, south to Quebec, Colorado, and Oregon. Europe. Asia. 



Specimens examined: Olympic Mountains, Pijoer 2211; £'Zmer 2649; Flett 809; Mount 

 Stuart, Brandegee 759; Elmer 1102; Goat Mountains, Allen 200; Mount Rainier, Flett 2176 

 258; Johns Island, Lawrence 194; Mount Storm King, Lawrence 343; Orcas Island, Hender- 

 son, July, 1892; Lopez Island, Lyall in 1858; Eatonville, Flett 2213. 



Two forms of this variable species occur in our limits, one high alpine, densely cespitose, 

 the leaves with short obtuse lobes and obscure veins; the other from cliffs along the Colum- 

 bia River and the San Juan Islands, with thinner prominently veined leaves and a taller 

 looser habit. The latter approaches closely S. caespitosa laxa Koch. The former is scarcely 

 matched in European material. This has recently been proposed as a new species by 

 Small b under the name Muscaria emarginata, the type being Elmer's 2649. This plant is, 

 however, much nearer to true S. cespitosa than the thin-leaved form. Both are mere sub- 

 species in our judgment. 



4. Saxifraga adscendens L. Sp. PI. 1 : 405. 1753. 



Type locality: "Habitat in Pyrenaeis, Baldo, Tauro Rastadiensi." 



Range: British Columbia to Washington, Colorado, and Hudson Bay. Europe. 



Specimens examined: Mount Baker, Flett 855. 



5. Saxifraga debilis Engelm.; Porter & Coulter, Fl. Colo. 38. 1874. 

 Type locality: Colorado. 



oN. Am. Fl. 222; 153. 1905. b N. Am. Fl. 22^: 129. 1905. 



