PIPER FLORA OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON. 531 



Specimens examined: Clallam County, Elmer 2740; Seattle, Piper; Nisqually Valley, 

 Allen 302; Wenache; WUted 1248; Ellensburg, WUted, June 6, 1897; Olympia, Heller 

 4050; Egbert Springs, Sandberg & Leiberg 363; Lake Chelan, Lake & Hull 546; Blue 

 Mountains, Piper, August 2, 1896; Pullman, Piper 1726; without locality, Brandegee 809; 

 without locality, Vasey 289; Clarks Springs, Kreager 73, 560; Rattlesnake Mountains, 

 Cotlon 757; Stehekin, Griffiths & Cotton 224. 



Zonal distribution: Transition, especially Arid. 



The name Sambucus coerulea Raf. Alsographia Am. 48. 1838, undoubtedly pertains to 

 our plant, but it may be questioned if it is really published. Rafincsque bases the name 

 wholly upon a brief mention in the journals of Lewis and Clark of an elder with blue 

 berries. 



2. Sambucus callicarpa Greene, Fl. Fran. 342. 1892. 



Sambucus racevTMsa arborescens (Nutt.) Torr. &Gr. Fl. N. Am. 2 : 13. 1841, not S. arbor- 

 escens Gi\ih. 1: 5. 1792. 



Sambucus leiosperma Leiberg, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 11: 40. 1897. 



Sambucus pubens Michx. var. Cooper Pac. R. Rep. 12^: 64. 1860. 



Sambucus arborescens Howell, Fl. N. W. Am. 279. 1900. 



Type locality: "By streams * * * along the Coast Range," California. 



Range: British Columbia to California in the coast region. 



Specimens examined: Clallam County, E'Znier 2737 ; Skokomish River, ^incaicZ in 1890; 

 Seattle, Piper in 1887; Montesano, Heller 3922; Cape Disappointment, fi'n^eZmarm cfc Sar- 

 gent, July 13, 1880; Silverton, BoucTc 95; Bridge Creek, Elmer 662; Cascade Mountains 

 to Fort Colville, latitude 49°, Lycdl in 1860; Stevens Pass, Whited 1435; without locality 

 Vasexj in 1889; Nason Creek, Sandberg & Leiberg 670; Skagit Pass, Lake <& Hull 545; 

 Wenache region, Brandegee 808 (the last two specimens have the nutlets somewhat rugose). 



Zonal distribution: Humid Transition. 



The fruit is usually brilliant scarlet, but occasionally yellow. Along the blulT between 

 Seattle and Everett the great majority of the plants have the fruit chestnut-colored, but 

 the plants are otherwise identical with thfc ordinary scarlet-fruited form. 



3. Sambucus melanocarpa A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 19 : 76. 1883. 

 Type locality: "First collected in New Mexico by Fendler." 

 Range: Washington and Montana to California and New Mexico. 



Specimens examined: Mount Adams, Suksdorf 1664, 327; Blue Mountains, Piper 

 2452; Mount Carlton, Zrmj^er 246. 

 Zonal distribution: Canadian. 



5. VIBURNUM. - - 



Cyme radiant, that is the outer flowers neutral and enlarged 1. V. opulus. 



Cyme not radiant. 



Leaves roundish, mostly 3-lobed 2. V. pauciflorum. 



Leaves oval to elliptic, dentate 3. V. ellipticum. 



1. Viburnum opulus L. Sp. PI. 1: 268. 1753. 



Viburnum opulus americanum Ait. Hort. Kew. 1: 373. 1789. 



Type locality: European. 



Range: British Columbia to New Brunswick, south to Oregon and Pennsylvania. 



Specimens examined: Cape Horn, Piper 497Q. Reported by Lyalla as occurring on 

 Sumas River, latitude 49°. 



Zonal distribution : Humid Transition. 



2. Viburnum, pauciflorum Pylaie; Torr. &Gr.Fl. 2: 17.1841. High bush cranberry*. 

 Viburnum acerifolium L. err. det. Bong. Mem. Acad. St. Peterb. VI. 2: 144. 1832. 

 Type locality: Newfoundland. 



.: ,„:.... . .aJourn. Linn. Soc. 7: 135. 1864.._..^ _. ._ .. 



