CYPERACEAE. 47 



Carex geyeri Boott. Densely tufted, 30-45 cm. high; leaves flat, rigid, 

 very scabrous, 2 mm. wide, about as long as the stems; inflorescence a single 

 terminal straw-colored spike, the upper and larger portion of which is stami- 

 nate; pistillate flowers several, usually but one maturing; perigynium smooth, 

 oblong, with a very short entire beak, 1 -nerved on each side; scales pale or 

 rusty, elongated, acuminate, exceeding the perigynia. Very abundant on 

 dry hillsides. 



Carex aurea Nutt. Stems loosely tufted, from long horizontal rootstocks, 

 10-30 cm. high; leaves flat, pale green, 3-4 mm. wide, usually overtopping the 

 stems; spikes 3-6, all stalked, the uppermost staminate and linear, or rarely 

 androgynous, the rest pistillate, narrowly cylindrical, loosely flowered, 1-3 

 cm. long; bracts mostly exceeding the stem; perigynia globose, very minutely 

 beaked, reddish when mature, strongly nerved. In low meadows. 



Carex nebrascensis Dewey. Stems 50-100 cm. tall, from stout horizontal 

 rootstocks; leaves pale, 5-10 mm. broad, shorter than the stems; inflorescence 

 of from 3-6 spikes, these sessile or nearly so; bracts foliaceous, usually ex- 

 ceeding the stems; staminate spikes 1-3; pistillate spikes 2-3, cylindric, dense, 

 2-3 cm. long, about 6 mm. thick; perigynia oval or obovate, brownish, resinous- 

 dotted, short-beaked, the beak bidentate; scales purple, with a green midrib, 

 usually shorter than the perigynia. Wet places, frequent. 



Carex kelloggii Boott. Stems tufted, 'slender, 15-40 cm. tall, erect; 

 leaves numerous, flat, 2-3 mm. wide, commonly as long as the stem, some- 

 times longer; spikes 4-15, the bracts commonly exceeding the stem; staminate 

 spike usually single, slender, purplish; pistillate spikes 3 to many, mostly 

 sessile or nearly so, greenish, dense, 2-4 cm. long, 3 mm. thick; perigynia 

 promptly deciduous. 2 mm. long, smooth, flattened, 3- or 4-nerved on the outer 

 face, stipitate at the base, short-beaked, the beak emarginate; scales green 

 with purple margins, obtusish, shorter than the perigynia. On wet stream 

 banks and lake shores. 



Carex prionophylla Holm. Stoloniferous, in loose clumps; stems slender, 

 60-100 cm. high, rough near the top; sheaths purple, the lower bladeless; 

 leaves flat, soft, bright green, 4-5 mm. wide, as long as the stems; bract 5-8 

 cm. long, not equalling the inflorescence; spikes 4, sessile, the terminal stami- 

 nate, 1-2 cm. long; perigynia 2 mm. long, obovate, narrowed at base, abruptly 

 short-beaked, 2 mm. long, the beak emarginate; scales obtuse, dark purple, 

 nearly as long as the perigynia. In moist woods, Mt. Carlton. 



Carex rossii Boott. Densely tufted, the stems 20-40 cm. tall; leaves pale, 

 flat, scabrous, 1-3 mm. wide, commonly equalling the stems; inflorescence of 

 1-4 spikes, the uppermost staminate; staminate spike slender, 2-3 mm. long, 

 pale, long-stalked; pistillate spikes 1-3, distinct, loosely few-flowered; peri- 

 gynia oblong, pubescent, with a 2-toothed beak; scales purple with hyaline 

 margins, or greenish, sharply acuminate, shorter than the perigynia. In 

 stony soil, in the mountains. 



Carex concinnoides Mackenzie. Stoloniferous; stems 10-20 cm. high, 

 erect; leaves numerous, firm, pale, strongly striate, shorter than the stems, 

 3-5 mm. broad; stem leaves bladeless or with very small blades; bract short; 

 pistillate spikes 1 or 2, 5-10 mm. long, nearly sessile, few-flowered; staminate 

 10-20 mm. long, with purple ovate obtuse scales; perigynia oblong-elliptic, 

 shortly stipitate, abruptly short-beaked, loosely pubescent, 2.5-3 mm. long; 

 scales ovate-lanceolate, acute, purple, hyaline-margined, shorter than the 

 perigynia. In coniferous woods, Blue Mountains and Thatuna Hills. Very 

 closely allied to the more eastern C. richardsoni R. Br. 



Carex amplifolia Boott. Stems about 2 m. tall, smooth; leaves flat, 12-20 

 mm. broad, longer than the stem; bracts very large, the lower overtopping 



