234 RUBIACEAE. 



Galium aparine L. Stems weak and reclining, retrosely prickly on the 

 angles, 30-120 cm. long; leaves linear or linear-spatulate, mostly cuspidate 

 more or less retrorsely-hispid, especially on the margins and midribs, 5-8 cm. 

 long; pedicels from the upper axils or terminal, bearing solitary flowers, fruit 

 on erect pedicels, densely hispid with somewhat hooked bristles, 3-4 mm. broad. 

 In woods and copses. 



Galium vaillantii DC. Similar to G. aparine but smaller in every way, the 

 stems 10-30 cm. high, mostly erect; leaves 1-2 cm. long; flowers more numerous; 

 fruit about 2 mm. broad. In dry woods. 



Galium multiflorum Kellogg. Stems erect, tufted, 10-30 cm. high; leaves in 

 fours or the upper in twos, broadly ovate, sessile, mucronate, 5-15 mm. long; 

 flowers yellowish, dioecious or polygamous, short pedicelled, in rather dense 

 clusters or the fertile scattered; fruit densely bristly. In rocky ground, high 

 ridges of the Blue Mountains. 



Galium multiflorum watsoni Gray. Like the species but the leaves oblong 

 and thinner. Blue Mountains, Horner. 



Galium boreale L. Glabrous or nearly so; stems rather slender, but erect, 

 30-60 cm. high, leafy; leaves 3-nerved, oblong-linear, lanceolate or linear, 

 obtuse to acuminate, mostly 1-3 cm. long; flowers white, in small cymes which 

 form a large terminal panicle; bract-like leaves much reduced and in pairs; 

 fruit globose, small, hispid, but becoming glabrous. Common in moist meadows 

 and on north hillsides. 



Galium trifidum subbiflorum Wiegand. Stems ascending, very weak 

 and slender, 15-20 cm. high, retrorsely scabrous on the angles; leaves linear, 

 scabrous on the margins and midribs; peduncles axillary or terminal, recurved, 

 mostly 1-flowered; flowers very small, white, the parts often in threes; fruit 

 glabrous. In wet places. 



Galium asperrimum Gray. Stems weak, reclining, 30-120 cm. long, 

 retrorsely-hispid on the angles; leaves in sixes or on the smaller branches in 

 fives or fours, 1-nerved, narrowly oblong or lanceolate, cuspidate, shining 

 above, retrorsely hispid on the midribs and margins, 1-3 cm. long; cymes 

 loosely few-flowered, forming very large leafy panicles; peduncles and pedicels 

 very slender; corolla white; fruit about 2 mm. broad, roughened with short 

 tubercles or minutely hispidulous. Plentiful in moist copses. 



Galium triflorum Michx. Stems weak, prostrate to ascending, 30-100 cm. 

 long, retrorsely hispid on the angles; leaves lanceolate, bristle-tipped, 2-8 cm. 

 long; peduncles 3-flowered, rarely 6-flowered; flowers greenish-white, all 

 pedicelled; fruits covered with hooked bristles. In moist copses and open 

 woods. 



349. KELLOGGIA. 



Small perennial herbs with opposite leaves with stipules; 

 flowers small, in loose cymes or panicles, usually 4-merous; calyx- 

 teeth minute; corolla funnelform to salverform; stamens and 

 style more or less exserted; ovary 2-celled; fruit small, dry, 

 coriaceous, with hooked bristles, separating at maturity into 2 

 closed carpels. 



Kelloggia galioides Torr. Glabrous or nearly so; stems clustered, erect 

 or ascending, 10-30 cm. high; leaves lanceolate, sessile, 2-5 cm. long, the 

 stipules small and scarious, entire or 2-toothed; flowers on long pedicels, in a 

 loose cyme; corolla 4-5 mm. long, white or pinkish, the lobes about as long 

 tube; fruit oblong, covered with hooked bristles. In open woods in 

 the Blue Mountains. 



