304 FOOT-NOTES TO EVOLUTION. 



of criminals." Oscar C. McCulloch, speaking of the de- 

 scendants of a pauper family named " Ishmael," in the 

 city of Indianapolis, uses the following language : 



"We start at some unknown date with thirty fami- 

 lies. These came mostly from Kentucky, Tennessee, 



and North Carolina. Of the first gen- 

 The tribe of ,• , ■ . ^ •■,■•■,, 



J , , eration — of sixty-two mdividuals — we 



Ishmael. •' 



know certainly of only three. In the 

 second generation we have the history of eighty-four. 

 In the third generation we have the history of two hun- 

 dred and eighty-three. In the fourth generation — 1840- 

 1860 — we have the history of six hundred and I'orty- 

 four. In the fifth generation — 1860-1880 — we have the 

 history of six hundred and seventy-nine. In the sixth 

 generation — 1880-1890 — we have the history of fifty- 

 seven. Here is a total of seventeen hundred and fifty 

 individuals. Before the fourth generation — from 1840 

 to i860 — we have but scant records. Our most com- 

 plete data begin with the fourth generation, and the 

 following are valuable. We know of one hundred and 

 twenty-one prostitutes. The criminal record is very 

 large — petty thieving, larcenies chiefly. There have 

 been a number of murders. The first murder committed 

 in the city was in this family. A long and celebrated 

 murder case, known as the 'Clem' murder, costing the 

 State immense amounts of money, is located here. 

 Nearly every crime of any note belongs here. Between 

 1868 and 1888 not less than five thousand dollars has 

 been paid for ' passing ' these people from place to place, 

 each township officer trying to throw off the responsi- 

 bility. The records of the city hospital show that — 

 taking out surgical cases, acute general cases, and cases ' 

 outside the city — seventy-five per cent of the cases 

 treated are from this class. The number of illegitima- 

 cies is very great. The Board of Health reports that the 



