GENERAL ACCOUNT OF THE DEPOSITS. 



II. ACCOUNT OF THE SECTION AT UPWARE. 



The Upware deposit was first described by Mr J. F. Walker, 

 M.A., in the Geological Magazine (Vol. iv., p. 310), and another 

 account has since been published by the same author, in a foot- 

 note to Dr Lycett's description of Trigonia Upwarensis, Lycett 

 (Monog. Trigoniae Pub. Palaeontographical Society, Vol. xxix., 

 p. 145). An account of the overlying gault accompanied by a 

 woodcut section was published by my father, Mr H. Keeping, in 

 the Geological Magazine, Vol. V., 1868, and the whole subject has 

 received special attention from Prof. Bonney, in his Cambridge- 

 shire Geology, 1875, p. 22, and Appendix I. Also this bed to- 

 gether with the Potton rock formed the subject of the Sedgwick 

 Prize Essay for 1873, by my friend Mr J. J. Harris Teall of St 

 John's College (1875 Pub.). To these various publications I must 

 refer for all special particulars of the stratigraphical characters of 

 the deposit; it will suffice here to indicate the general characters 

 of a typical section, so as to shew the general nature of the deposit, 

 and the relation of the beds to one another, and to the adjacent 

 formations. 



The appended section is in the main similar to one published 

 by my father in 1868 (Geological Magazine). 



(A) Lowermost we have the Coral Rag of Upware, a highly 

 coralline rock as seen in the line of our section, but in some other 

 places it is more compact in texture and more oolitic and arenace- 

 ous in composition. In a large limestone quarry near by this 

 rock is seen dipping to the N.W. at about 4 (recorded by Prof. 

 Bonney). 



(B) Upon this rests (conformably, as there is every reason to 

 believe) the Kimmeridge Clay in its usual character. But for 

 some depth around the present outcrop of the Coral Rag this latter 

 rock has been bared of its covering of Kimmeridge Clay so that 

 the phosphatic bed of the Lower Greensand comes to overlap on 

 to the coral rag. The destructive work of the removal of the 

 Kimmeridge Clay went on during the earlier times of the formation 

 of the Lower Greensand, and one of its results was the production 

 of a curious deposit composed of irregular broken fragments of 



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