98 MAN AND THE LOWER ANIMALS n 



eye. The Gorilla's brain-case is smaller, its trunk 

 larger, its lower limbs shorter, its upper limbs 

 longer in proportion than those of Man. 



I find that the vertebral column of a full-grown 

 Gorilla, in the Museum of the Royal College of 

 Surgeons, measures 27 inches along its anterior 

 curvature, from the upper edge of the atlas, or 

 first vertebra of the neck, to the lower extremity 

 of the sacrum ; that the arm, without the hand, is 

 31 \ inches long; that the leg, without the foot, is 

 26 \ inches long ; that the hand is 9 J inches long ; 

 the foot 11 J inches long. 



In other words, taking the length of the spinal 

 column as 100, the arm equals 115, the leg 96, 

 the hand 36, and the foot 41. 



In the skeleton of a male Bosjesman, in the 

 same collection, the proportions, by the same 

 measurement, to the spinal column, taken as 100, 

 are the arm 78, the leg 110, the hand 26, and 

 the foot 32. In a woman of the same race the 

 arm is 83, and the leg 120, the hand and foot 

 remaining the same. In a European skeleton I 

 find the arm to be 80, the leg 117, the hand 26, 

 the foot 35. 



Thus the leg is not so different as it looks at 

 first sight, in its proportion to the spine in the 

 Gorilla and in the Man being very slightly 

 shorter than the spine in the former, and between 

 s and % longer than the spine in the latter. 

 The foot is longer and the hand much longer 10 



