II GORILLA AND OTHER APES 99 



the Gorilla ; but the great difference is caused by 

 the arms, which are very much longer than the 

 spine in the Gorilla, very much shorter than the 

 spine in the Man. 



The question now arises how are the other 

 Apes related to the Gorilla in these respects 

 taking the length of the spine, measured in the 

 same way, at 100. In an adult Chimpanzee, the 

 arm is only 96, the leg 90, the hand 43, the foot 

 39 so that the hand and the leg depart more 

 from the human proportion and the arm less, while 

 the foot is about the same as in the Gorilla. 



In the Orang, the arms are very much longer 

 than in the Gorilla (122), while the legs are 

 shorter (88) ; the foot is longer than the hand (52 

 and 48), and both are much longer in proportion 

 to the spine. 



In the other man-like Apes again, the Gibbons, 

 these proportions are still further altered; the 

 length of the arms being to that of the spinal 

 column as 19 to 11 ; while the legs are also a 

 third longer than the spinal column, so as to be 

 longer than in Man, instead of shorter. The hand 

 is half as long as the spinal column, and the foot, 

 shorter than the hand, is about y T ths of the 

 length of the spinal column. 



Thus Hylobates is as much longer in the arms 

 than the Gorilla, as the Gorilla is longer in the 

 arms than Man ; while, on the other hand, it is 

 as much longer in the legs than the Man, as the 



