108 MAN AND THE LOWER ANIMALS n 



male human cranium surpasses the largest of 

 the Gorillas (62 34 = 27). Secondly, the 

 adult crania of Gorillas which have as yet been 

 measured differ among themselves by nearly one- 

 third, the maximum capacity being 34'5 cubic 

 inches, the minimum 24 cubic inches ; and, thirdly, 

 after making all due allowance for difference of 

 size, the cranial capacities of some of the lower 

 Apes fall nearly as much, relatively, below those 

 of the higher Apes as the latter fall below Man. 



Thus, even in the important matter of cranial 

 capacity, Men differ more widely from one an- 

 other than they do from the Apes ; while the 

 lowest Apes differ as much, in proportion, from the 

 highest, as the latter does from Man. The last 

 proposition is still better illustrated by the study 

 of the modifications which other parts of the 

 cranium undergo in the Simian series. 



It is the large proportional size of the facial 

 bones and the great projection of the jaws which 

 confers upon the Gorilla's skull its small facial 

 angle and brutal character. 



But if we consider the proportional size of the 

 facial bones to the skull proper only, the little 

 Chrysothrix (Fig. 17) differs very widely from the 

 Gorilla, and, in the same way, as Man does ; while 

 the Baboons (Cynoceplialus, Fig. 17) exaggerate 

 the gross proportions of the muzzle of the great 

 Anthropoid, so that its visage looks mild and 

 human by comparison with theirs. The difference 



