II MAN AND APES: TEETH 115 



various respects in which it differs from Mail are 

 exaggerated in the Cynocephalus. The number 

 and the nature of the teeth remain the same in 

 the Baboon as in the Gorilla and in Man. But 

 the pattern of the Baboon's upper molars is quite 

 different from that described above (Fig. 18), the 

 canines are proportionally longer and more knife- 

 like ; the anterior premolar in the lower jaw is 

 specially modified ; the posterior molar of the 

 lower jaw is still larger and more complex than in 

 the Gorilla. 



Passing from the old-world Apes to those of the 

 new world, we meet with a change of much 

 greater importance than any of these. In such a 

 genus as Cebus, for example (Fig. 18), it will be 

 found that while in some secondary points, such 

 as the projection of the canines and the diastema, 

 the resemblance to the great ape is preserved ; in 

 other and most important respects, the dentition 

 is extremely different. Instead of 20 teeth in the 

 milk set, there are 24 : instead of 32 teeth in the 

 permanent set, there are 36, the false molars being 

 increased from eight to twelve. And in form, the 

 crowns of the molars are very unlike those of the 

 Gorilla, and differ far more widely from the human 

 pattern. 



The Marmosets, on the other hand, exhibit the 

 same number of teeth as Man and the Gorilla ; 

 but, notwithstanding this, their dentition is very 

 different, for they have four more false molars, 



