116 MAN AND THE LOWER ANIMALS n 



like the other American monkeys but as they 

 have four fewer true molars, the total remains the 

 same. And passing from the American apes to 

 the Lemurs, the dentition becomes still more 

 completely and essentially different from that of 

 the Gorilla. The incisors begin to vary both in 

 number and in form. The molars acquire, more 

 and more, a many-pointed, insectivorous character, 

 and in one Genus, the Aye-Aye (Cheiromys), the 

 canines disappear, and the teeth completely simu- 

 late those of a Eodent (Fig. 18). 



Hence it is obvious that, greatly as the denti-* 

 tion of the highest Ape differs from that of Man, 

 it differs far more widely from that of the lower 

 and lowest Apes. 



Whatever part of the animal fabric whatever 

 series of muscles, whatever viscera might be 

 selected for comparison the result would be the 

 same the lower Apes and the Gorilla would 

 differ more than the Gorilla and the Man. I can- 

 not attempt in this place to follow out all these 

 comparisons in detail, and indeed it is unnecessary 

 I should do so. But certain real, or supposed, 

 structural distinctions -between man and the apes 

 remain, upon which so much stress has been laid, 

 that they require careful consideration, in order 

 that the true value may be assigned to those 

 which are real, and the emptiness of those which 

 are fictitious may be exposed. I refer to the 



