HI THE NEANDERTHAL MAN 173 



Giant's bones. Fossil bones, 

 lum. inches, mm. inches 

 Diameter of lower articular end, 

 from one condyle to the 



other 89 = 3'5" ... 87 = ?>'4". 



Diameter of femur in the middle . 33 = 1*2" ... 30 = IT'. 



" 2. A perfect right humerus, whose size shows that it belongs 

 to the thigh-bones. 



mm. inches. 



Length 312 = 12'3'. 



Thickness in the middle ... 26=1 ()". 

 Diameter of head 49=1 '9". 



11 Also a perfect right radius of corresponding dimensions and 

 the upper-third of a right ulna corresponding to the humerua 

 and radius. 



" 3. A left humerus, of which the upper-third is wanting, and 

 which is so much slenderer than the right as apparently to belong 

 to a distinct individual ; a left ulna, which, though complete, is 

 pathologically deformed, the coronoid process being so much 

 enlarged by bony growth, that flexure of the elbow beyond a 

 right angle must have been impossible ; the anterior fossa of the 

 humerus for the reception of the coronoid process being also 

 filled up with a similar bony growth. At the same time, the 

 olecranon is curved strongly downwards. As the bone presents 

 no sign of rachitic degeneration, it may be supposed that an 

 injury sustained during life was the cause of the anchylosis. 

 When the left ulna is compared with the right radius, it might 

 at first sight be concluded that the bones respectively belonged 

 to different individuals, the ulna being more than half an inch 

 too short for articulation with a corresponding radius. But it 

 is clear that this shortening, as well as the attenuation of the 

 left humerus, are both consequent upon the pathological condi- 

 tion above described. 



" 4. A left ilium, almost perfect, and belonging to the femur ; 

 a fragment of the right scapula ; the anterior extremity of a rih 

 of the right side ; and the same part of a rib of the left side ; 

 the hinder part of a rib of the right side ; and, lastly, two 



