IV METHODS AND RESULTS OF ETHNOLOGY 219 



has ventured to suggest that they are merely 

 modified Polynesians a suggestion which could 

 otherwise certainly have been made. But if 

 languages may be thus transferred from one stock 

 to another, without any corresponding intermixture 

 of blood, what ethnological value has philology ? 

 what security does unity of language afford us 

 that the speakers of that language may not have 

 sprung from two, or three, or a dozen, distinct 

 sources ? 



Thus we come, at last, to the purely zoological 

 method, from which it is not unnatural to expect 

 more than from any other, seeing that, after all, 

 the problems of ethnology are simply those which 

 are presented to the zoologist by every widely 

 distributed animal he studies. The father of modern 

 zoology seems to have had no doubt upon this 

 point. At the twenty-eighth page of the standard 

 twelfth edition of the " Systema Naturae," in fact, 

 we find : 



I. PRIMATES. 

 Dentes primores incisores : supcriores IV. paralleli, mammae 



p'dorales IL 



1. HOMO. Nosce te ipsum. 



Sapiens. 1. H. diurnus : varians cultura, loco. 



Veriis. Tetrapus, mutus, hirsutus. 



Americanus a. Rufus, cholericus, rectus Pilis nigris, rectia, 

 crassis Naribus patulis Facie ephelitica : 

 Mento subimberbi. 

 Pertinax, contentus, liber. Pingit se lineis 



dsedaleis rubris. 

 I&gttur Consuetudiue. 



