BOTANICAL GAZETTE 



[FEBRUARY 



produced by using them as pollen parents, the offspring are exactly 

 the same as if normal males had been used. In A and B the her- 

 maphrodite character is borne by the male germ cells and is fully 

 hereditary. In C and D the hermaphrodite character may have been 

 purely somatic, in no wise affecting the germ cells, and therefore 

 incapable of hereditary transmission; or, in case the factor for 

 hermaphroditism is independent of the sex-producing genes, A 



TABLE I 



and B may have been homozygous and C and D heterozygous with 

 respect to the hermaphrodite modifier. 



That males, which are assumed to be heterozygous and to contain 

 both the male and female tendencies, should occasionally show the 

 development of characters of both the sexes as the result of some 

 accident or environmental influence upon an individual, without in 

 any way changing the character of the germ cells produced by that 

 individual, is quite conceivable. The occurrence of these two differ- 

 ent types of hermaphrodite individuals harmonizes well with many 

 experiences met with in other studies in heredity, which have led 

 JOHANNSEN (7) to distinguish between genotypes and phenotypes. 

 These four hermaphrodite individuals, A, B, C, and Z), belong to a 

 single phenotype, but to two genotypes. 



