IQIO] SHULL INHERITANCE OF SEX IN LYCHNIS 115 



If now we compare these results in Lychnis with those of CORRENS 

 in Bryonia, still leaving out of account the two exceptional males 

 and the two hermaphrodites which occurred in pedigree no. 08116, 

 we find that the difference is a consistent one. This comparison may 

 be conveniently made in the following table : 



TABLE II 



In the first place, it is seen that all crosses between normal females 

 and normal males in Lychnis result in females and normal males, 

 just as in Bryonia dioica, and the same thing is true in both cases 

 when the hermaphrodite is fertilized by a normal male. The result 

 of self fertilizing the hermaphrodites of Lychnis, however, is (pre- 

 sumably) quite different from the result of self fertilizing Bryonia alba, 

 for Lychnis gives rise to a progeny of females and hermaphrodites, 

 while Bryonia (presumably) gives rise to only monoecists or hermaph- 

 rodite individuals. A similar difference is observable between these 

 two classes of material when normal females are fertilized by pollen 

 of hermaphrodites, as Bryonia produces in this case only females, 

 while Lychnis produces females and hermaphrodites. 



These results suggest that the differences between Bryonia and 

 Lychnis are rather simple ones. The fact that the hermaphrodites 

 take the place of males in each family whose male parent was a 

 hermaphrodite, permits no other reasonable conclusion than that the 

 hermaphrodite Lychnis is a modified male; and the capacity of the 

 male to be thus modified so as to allow the development of both male 

 and female organs, strongly favors the view that the male is hetero- 

 zygous, as has been assumed by CORRENS (4) and CASTLE (3) for 

 Bryonia, and as demonstrated by WILSON and his students for many 

 insects. 



There are now several possibilities regarding the nature of the 

 females. CASTLE (2) long ago suggested that the female, as well as 

 the male, is heterozygous, but in his latest communication on sex 

 (CASTLE 3) he definitely abandons this view and holds that in all 



