Sex-limited inlierilan< r in Li/chain dioicn L. 299 



strongly supports my conclusion that the hermaphrodite mutants resulted 

 from a modification in the male genotype. A furthor proof of this re- 

 lation between the hermaphrodites and males is given by the occurrence 

 of a narrow-leafed hermaphrodite mutant in a Family which included narrow- 

 leafed males, but in which no narrow-leafed females were due to appear. 



One well developed hermaphroditic specimen, when used as the 

 pollen-parent in three different crosses, produced a progeny of 276 females 

 and no males nor hermaphrodites. It is suggested that this plant may 

 have been a "somatic" hermaphrodite whose genotypic constitution was 

 that of a normal female. 



Suggestions are made for the standardization of genetic formulae 

 and a list of 50 formulae which have been used to represent the geno- 

 typic interrelations of the sexes, are arranged under the six standard 

 formulae which represent the various conceptions which may be logically 

 related to current Mendeliau methods of interpretation. 



There are two natural divisions of the sex -formulae, in one of 

 which the female is a sex-homozygote, in the other a sex-heterozygote. 

 Under each of these there are three available sets of formulae which 

 differ from each other according as an individual of the homozygous sex 

 is represented as a positive, a negative, or a neutral, homozygote. In most 

 cases there is no basis for other than a purely arbitrary choice among 

 these formulae, since they all fit equally well the genetic facts and can 

 be related in most cases with equal ease to the cytological observations. 



Males do not possess femaleness, nor do females exhibit maleness, 

 but what they both possess in common is nearly all of what they each 

 are. For this reason it is not difficult to believe that the actual 

 realization of the one or the other sex may rest upon relatively minor 

 circumstances which may be totally different in different cases. 



Literature cited. 



AKKELL, T. R., 1912: Further report on inheritance of horn and wool covering in sheep. 

 Ann. Rep. Amer. Breeders Ass. 8: 561 568. 



ARKELL, T. R,, and DAVENPORT, C. B., 1912: Horns in sheep as a typical sex-limited 

 character. Science N. S. 35: 375377. 



BATESON, W., 1909: Mendel's principles of heredity, pp. 396. Cambridge: The Uni- 

 versity Press. 



BATESON, W., and PUNNETT, R. C., 1911: The inheritance of the peculiar pigmentation 

 of the silky fowl. Jour. Genet. 1: 185203. 



BAUR, E., 1911: Einfiihrung in die experimentelle Vererbungslehre. pp. 293. Berlin: 

 Gebriider Borntraeger. 



21* 



