Drainage and Water-Supply 



stone drains, rubble drains, horse-shoe tiles, or drain pipes, 

 properly so called. Sectional views of each of these are 

 given, and the reader will be able to gather which, in his 

 estimation, is likely to prove the least costly and most 

 useful (Figs. 77-82). Open drains we still sometimes see in 

 our old orchards, and they are religiously cleaned out 



FIG. 77. FIG. 78. FIG. 79. FIG. 80. FIG. 81. FIG. 82. 



yearly. How it is people cannot see that it would pay 

 them better, and serve the purpose equally as well, to fill 

 these in with rubbish, surely defies comprehension. Brick 

 and stone drains are probably very useful, but they are 

 very expensive, and require much time and labour to put 

 down. Their utility and cost are not then proportionate. 

 Rubble drains are often found to be useful, and are com- 

 mendable chiefly on the score of less expense ; and certain 



