APPLE PESTS. 7-3 



in June and July, lay their eggs on the leaves, on which the 

 larvne feed for a time. Late in autumn the larvae bore into 

 the bark or ends of the shoots, remain there till January or 

 later, then tunnel into the centre of the shoot and feed on 

 the pith. The larvcie remain in the shoots till June, then 

 issue as full-grown moths. Their presence may be easily 

 detected by the withering of the foliage and the turning 

 brown of the shootis. The larva when full grown measures 

 one-third of an inch in length, and is of a dull reddish- 

 brown colour. 



Remedy. — It appears that the only satisfactory remedy 

 is to cut off all withered shoots and promptly burn them. 

 Insecticides are useless, as it is difficult to reach the larvae. 



PITH MOTH AND LAHVA (BLASTJDACXA VIXOLENTKLLA). 



Shot Borer, or Apple Bark Beetle (Xyleborus 

 dispar). — Apple, plum, and pear trees are liable to be 

 infested with a small beetle measuring about an eighth of 

 an inch long. It bores its way through the bark into the 

 stem and pith of the trunk and branches of the tree. From 

 the first horizontal boring other borings are made up and 

 down the stem by these pests. In the event of a number 

 of beetles taking possession of the tree they will in a very 

 «hort time so tunnel tlie stem as to very seriously injure 

 the growth of the tree; in fact, where the beetles are 

 exceedingly numerous and the tunnels extensive, the tree 

 dies as a consequence. The beetle attacks both young 

 and old trees. Another species, called the Flat-celled 



