284 GARDEN FOES, 



its appearance in April or May, bores holes in the bark 

 of dead, diseased, or living pine trees, forms a tunnel, and 

 deposits her eggs therein. When the larvae are hatched 

 the}-, too, form transverse tunnels on both sides of the 

 main one. In due course they pupate, and emerge as 

 beetles in August. These new beetles fly off to the 

 nearest pine tree, settle on the young shoots, and bore 

 into and up through them, causing the shoots to die. 



Remedies. — (1) Allow no fallen trees to remain in pine 

 woods. (2) Cut down and remove all sickly trees. (3) 

 In the case of young shoots attacked, remove and burn 

 these. 



Pine. bud Tortrix Moth (Orthotaenia [Eetinia] turio- 

 nana). — This is a small moth of .a rusty -red and silvery 

 colour, which is the parent of a reddish or purplish-brown 

 caterpillar, half an inch long, that feeds on or inside the 

 growth buds of the pine and fir. The moths lay their 

 eggs in July, and the caterpillars appear in twelve days. 

 By eating the buds they destroy the future branching and 

 leading shoots, and spoil the after-growth of the trees. 

 The Pine-shoot Tortrix Moth (Retinia buoliana) also in- 

 flicts similar injuries upon pine and fir trees. 



Remedies. — The only remedy appears to be to examine 

 the shoots and remove the caterpillars. Spraying with a 

 Quassia (No. 14) or Paris Green (No. 11) preparation 

 might be tried if the pests are very numerous. 



Pine Sawfly (Lophyrus pinii). — Considerable harm is 

 often <lone to pine and fir trees by the larvae of the above 

 Sawfly. The latter makes a slit in the leaf by means of 

 her ovipositor, deposits several eggs therein, and then 

 covers these with a glutinous substance. The caterpillars, 

 which are pale green, with a rusty-brown head, black 

 jaws, and marked with black spots on the sides, hatch 

 in about three weeks. They are voracious feeders, de- 

 vouring rapidly the leaves and the bark of the young 

 shoots. If very numerous they soon do incalculable 

 damage to the trees. 



