i6S A. D. 173 I. 



nation or ftate, without their permiflion ; and they were to pay to the 

 crown an hundred dahlers per laft for every fhip employed by them, 

 and two dahlers more per lafl for port duties. Above a million of rix- 

 dollars were preiently lubfcribed, by Swedes and foreigners, into the 

 flock of this new company, which may be faid to have partly fprung 

 out of the ruins of theOftend company; and many, or moft, of its fub- 

 fcribers and managers were for a long time foreigners and chiefly Bri- 

 tifh fubjedls ; the native Swedes being at firft unacquainted with that 

 trade : but by a fubfequent treaty or agreement, concluded between 

 the SwediOi court and our Englilh Eaft-India company, there were no 

 Britifh fubjecls, after a certain fixed term, to be employed in the fervicc 

 of the Swedifli company. 



The company have had their grant renewed, and continue annually 

 to fend one or two fliips to China : but as there is not confumption 

 enough in Sweden for their cargoes, both this company and that of 

 Denmark are faid to be very hurtful to our own and the Dutch Eaft- 

 India trade, by running in upon our widely-extended coafts, tea, china- 

 ware, filks, &c. and alfo by fupplying foreign parts with fuch Eaft-India 

 goods as we formerly fent thither. 



A law having been made in the 7th and 8th of King William III, 

 prohibiting the landing of any goods in Ireland, of the growth or pro- 

 duel of the EngliOi American plantations, unlefs they were firft landed 

 in England, and paid the duties there : and that law being conftrued 

 to extend to all kinds of American merchandize, as well unenumerated 

 as enumerated, it was now explained fo for in favour of Ireland, ' that 

 * all goods from America, not enumerated, might in like fort be landed 

 ' in Ireland, in Britifti ftiips navigated agreeable to the navigation ads.' 

 [4. Geo. II, c. 15.] This was doing no more than putting Ireland on a 

 par with foreign countries in refped to fuch unenumerated goods. The 

 enumerated commodities at this time were fugar, tobacco, cotton-wool, 

 indigo, ginger, dying-woods, melaftes, rice, furs, copper-ore, pitch, tar, 

 turpentine, mafts, yards, and bowiprits, imported from, and the growth 

 and product of, the Britifti American plantations ; all which muft firft 

 be landed in Great Britain, except the rice of Carolina, which may be 

 carried to any place fouth of Cape Finifterre. 



In the fame year an ad of parliament ordained, that all pleadings in 

 courts of juftice in England, and in the court of exchequer in Scotland, 

 ihould be in the Englifti language. The preamble declares, ' that 

 ' many and great mifchiefs frequently happen to the fubjeds of this 

 ' kingdom from the proceedings in courts of juftice being in an un- 

 ' known language ; thofe who are fummoned and impleaded having 

 * no knowlege or underftanding of what is alleged for or againft 

 ' them in the pleadings of their lawyers and attorneys, who alfo ufe a 

 ' charader not legible to any but perfons pradifing the law. AH 



