A. D. 1763. 369 



and it may be doubted, whether the additional number of whales caught 

 could be in proportion to fo great an additional number of fhips going 

 in quefl; of them, or, if they fhould be caught, whether there would be 

 confumption for the oil, &c. The arithmetical rule of three is not in 

 all cafes infallible. 



The cmprefs of Ruflla publhhed an edict inviting foreigners of all 

 nations and religions, except Jews, to fettle in any part of her empire, 

 with perfe6t liberty of confciencc, and even a permi/Tion to be govern- 

 ed by laws framed by themfclves. She moreover promifed theAi mo- 

 ney and materials for building, and for carrying on trades, with an 

 exemption from taxes for a certain number of years. Such encourage- 

 jTient to induftrious flrangers, if perfevered in, would foon civilize and 

 enrich that vafi: empire. 



Though petty afts of piracy are frequently committed, there are few 

 inftances, in the prefent improved flate of maritime power, of any vef- 

 fels cruifing as profefled pirates to make war upon all nations indifcri- 

 minately. About this time, however, fome fuch, mavmed with gangs 

 of ruffians of all nations, made their appearance in the Wefb-Indies ; 

 but they were foon iuppreifed. This pirating was a dreg of the war. 



Some confiderable improvements were made in the methods of ex- 

 tradling water from mines, coal-pits, &c. One was by a large cylinder 

 of iron meafuring 74 inches in the bore, made at thefoundery at Coal- 

 brook dale in Shropflnre, which enables the fire-engine to deliver 307 

 hundred-weight of water at every ftroke. Another was by a new en- 

 gine working with horizontal wind fails, capable of raifing to the height 

 of thirty feet from eight to twenty hogflieads of water, according to the 

 force of the wind, at every ftroke. About the fame time a faw-mill 

 was invented, which could work either by wind or water, for which the 

 fociety for the encoraragement of arts and commerce gave a premium 

 of an hundred guineas to Mr. Stansfield of Binglcy. 



March 24 " — The law for the regulation of the price of bread by the 

 magiftrates was extended to Scotland. [3 Geo. Ill, c. 6.] 



The outftanding debts of the navy, the vidualling and tranfport bills, 

 and ordnance debentures, amounting to ^^3,670,739 : 2 : 8 were funded, 

 with an annual interefl: of four per cent, payable at the bank, to be 

 reckoned from the 25th of March 1763. [3 Geo. Ill, c. 9.I 



There were other unfcttled claims upon the public for the cxpenfes 

 of the war, for the latisfadtion of which other fupplies were neceflliry. 

 Therefor, befides drawing /^2, 000,000 from the linking fund, and illu- 

 ing /^i,8oo,ooo in exchequer bills, it was refolved to raile money by a 

 loan and two lotteries. The loan was for /?2, 8 00,000 bearing intercft 

 at four per cent from 5th April 1763, the fubfcribcrs moreover receiv- 

 ing, as a douceur, a lottery ticket at the price of /^lo for every £100 

 fubfcribed. The lotteries were for /"sSO.ooo each, both to be drawn 



Vol. III. " :: A 



