A. D. 1768. 479 



A further account of this great national undertaking will be given at 

 the time of its completion. 



The white people of the little colony of Montferrat were in immin- 

 ent danger of being exterminated by their negroes on St. Patrick's 

 day (17'" March). But the confpiracy being providentially difcovered 

 by a woman, two fhips of war and a fmall detachment of foldiers ar- 

 rived from the neighbouring iflands in time to prevent tlie execution 

 of it. 



It being an objed of great importance to maintain a good corre- 

 fpondence with the American hidians, who ever fince the peace of 

 1763 retained many of the prejudices inftilled into them by the French 

 againfl the Britifli colonills, it was judged the moft prudent meafure to 

 afcertain by mutual confent a boundary line, beyond which no Britifh 

 fubjed fhould prcfume to fettle. This meaiure, calculated to remove 

 the chief caufe of the jealoufy of the Indians, was fo far carried into 

 execution, that the boundaries of the two Carolinas were adually fur- 

 veyed and marked out agreeable to treaties made by Mr. Stewart, fu- 

 perintendant of Indian affairs for the fouthern diflrid, with the Creeks, 

 Cherokees, and Chadaws : and the Indians of the northern diftrid 

 cheerfully pointed out a line, which Sir William Johnfon, the fitperin- 

 tendant, agreed to, provided it fliould be approved of by the king. In 

 order to preferve tranquillity among the Indians, it was thought moft 

 expedient to continue the two fuperintendants, and to empower them 

 to make the curtomary prefents to the Indians. 



On a full confideration of the circumftances of the Indian trade it 

 appeared, that the confinement of the trade to particular ports, which 

 was then the general principle of the trading fyftem, was expedient and 

 effedlual with refped to the fouthern Indians, of doubtful policy with 

 refpcd to thofe adjacent to the provinces of Pcnnfylvania and New York, 

 and evidently hurtful and dangerous with reiped to the vafl; body of 

 Indians on the weft fide of the province of Quebec, the inhabitants 

 of which carry on a very extenfive commerce with them. Moreover 

 the cxpenfe was io great, as, in a commercial view, to exceed confider- 

 ably the objed, to which it was lublcrvient. 



General Melville, governor-general of the Ceded iflands, made a 

 large botanic garden at St. Vincents for the reception and cultivation 

 of all plants valuable in commerce and medicine, which were fcarce, 

 or not at all to be found, in the Bruilh \\ eil-lndia colonies; and bv 

 the great diligence of Dodor Young, furgeon of the miUtary hofpital 

 and an excellent botanift, it was foon very confiderably advanced*. 



* In May 1772 DoiHor Young haJ, among Tlic ganltii dill coiitimics to floiuidi under the caif 



other valuable rxotics, 140 lualtliy plants of tlie of Doifior Aniierloii, another cniinciil botaiiill, and 



Irne cinnamon ; for which, and his general botanic by the (Idl-conlinucd good cfSeet of Central MJ- 



inerit, the patriotic fociety of artsand fciences with villc, its origins! founder, 

 g'reat propriety piefcnCcd turn with a gold medal. 



